EMT Exam Chapters 1-10, Questions and answers, Rated A+

EMT Exam Chapters 1-10, Questions and answers, Rated A+ Document Content and Description Below EMT Exam Chapters 1-10, Questions and answers, Rated A+ Who develops EMS Standards? - In 1966, the National Highway Safety Act charged the US Department of Transportation (DOT) in develop ing EMS stardards Enhanced 911 (E-911) - a system that has the capability to automatically identify a caller's phone # and location, so even if the patient loses consciousness, they will still be able to send emergency personnel to the scene patient assessment - finding out enough about what is wrong with a patient to be able to provide the appropriate emergency care; always precedes emergency care transfer of care - Upon arrival at the hospital, the EMT advises hospital personnel of the patient's condition, observations from the scene, treatment rendered, and other pertinent data to assure continuity of care; do not abandon care until process is completed Why do we document 3 sets of vital signs? - trends in the patient's condition will become apparent only when vital signs are repeated, which is an important step in continuing assessment; quality improvement - continuous self review with the purpose of identifying aspects of the system that require improvement; ensures that the public receives the highest quality pre-hospital care; may include carefully written documentation, maintaining equipment, getting feedback, and continuing education Medical Director - A physician who assumes ultimate responsibility for medical direction, the patient-care aspects of the EMS system; oversees training, develops protocols, and is a crucial part of the quality improvement process standing orders - a policy or protocol that authorizes EMTs and others to perform particular skills in certain situations; aka off-line medical direction; exp. administration of glucose in diabetic emergency Why do EMTs do injury prevention programs? - by promoting clean drinking water and sewer systems to promoting car seats and helmets, if EMTs promote injury prevention, then we can potentially stop injuries before they occur Hepatitis B - aka HBV; a deadly disease that causes the inflammation of the liver and can live on surfaces in dried blood for days and killed hundreds of health care workers each year before a vaccine was made avaliable Tuberculosis - aka TB; infects the lungs, is highly contagious and airborne-->will permeate a room if an infected person is in it Ryan White CARE Act - The Ryan White Comprehensive AIDS Resource Emergency Act mandates a procedure by which emergency response personnel can seek to find out if they have been exposed to potentially life-threatening diseases while providing patient care Why do we wear N-95 masks? - OSHA requires that you wear a N-95 mask for caring for patients suspected of having TB , transporting them from an infected environment in a closed vehicle, and performing suction/intubation When/why do you place a surgical mask on a patient? - when a patient is suspected of having an infection spread by droplets (such as flu or measles), a mask may be placed if the patient is alert and cooperative What are the signs and symptoms of a delayed stress reaction (PTSD)? - flashbacks, nightmares, feelings of detachment, irritability, sleep difficulties, or problems with concentration or interpersonal relationships; the patient may not understand what is causing the problems ______ safety comes first. If threatened, __________ immediately - OUR, LEAVE ALWAYS wear a ___________________ on the scene of a motor vehicle collision - reflective vest (or clothing); it provides the best protection for us What do you do if you are directly exposed to blood/any bodily fluids? - first, wash/flush hands and exposed areas, then report the incident to best protect yourself, then seek medical attention immediately What should be considered when lifting any patient? - the object (what is the weight? will you need help?), your limitations (what are your physical characteristics?), communication (talk throughout the process to make the move comfortable) What is the correct positioning/technique to safely lift patients? - positioning your feet properly (shoulder-width apart), using your legs, never turning/twisting, not leaning, keeping back straight, keeping the weight close to your body power lift - aka squat-lift position; a lift from a squatting position wit weight to be lifted close to the body, feet apart and flat on the ground body weight on or just behind the balls of the feet, and the back locked in The higher a stretcher is with a patient with a patient on it, the ___________ the center of gravity is - HIGHER, (safety hazard???) What is the preferred # of rescuers for using a stair chair? - THREE; two rescuers to use the tracks down stairs as well as a spotter when available emergency move - when a patient must be moved to a safe place quickly; used if the scene is hazardous, the care of life-threatening conditions requires repositioning, if you must reach other patients Should you hesitate to ask for additional manpower when it comes to lifting/moving a heavy patient? - NO When do we use the draw-sheet method to transfer a patient? - during transfers between hospitals and nursing homes or when a patient must be move from a bed at home to a stretcher; patient has no suspected spine injury What will a patient most likely do in a stair chair? - any patient may reach out and grab things; use the least restrictive method to prevent this What is the difference between expressed and implied consent? - -expressed consent is consent given by adults who are of age, mentally competent, and are physically and mentally able to give it -implied consent is assumed consent in the case of an unconscious patient or a patient not physically/mentally able to give consent but are in need of emergency care Duty to Act - an obligation to provide emergency care to a patient; EMTs on an ambulance/who are dispatched have a duty to act if there is no threat to safety HIPAA - The Health Insurance Portability and Accountability Act; a federal law protecting the privacy of patient-specific health care information and providing the patient with control over how this information is used and distributed scope of practice - a scope of regulations and ethical considerations that define the scope, or the extents and limits, of the EMT's job standard of practice - the care that would be expected to be provided by an EMT with similar training when caring for a patient in a similar situation In order for a patient to refuse care or transport, what conditions must be fulfilled? - patient must be alert/oriented, be able to make their own decisions; it is the EMT's duty to inform them of their situation and of the possible implications of refusing care What do you do if you are in doubt of resuscitating a patient? - Resuscitate! Good Samaritan Law - a series of laws that are designed to provide limited legal protection for citizens and some health care personnel when they are administering emergency care What is the difference between anatomy and physiology? - -anatomy is the study of body structure -physiology is the study of body function What are the 4 abdominal quadrants? - right upper quadrant (RUQ), left upper quadrant (LUQ), right lower quadrant (RLQ), left