Exam 3 EAQs: Ch. 46 – Dialysis New Update 2023 with Verified Solutions

Exam 3 EAQs: Ch. 46 – Dialysis New Update 2023 with Verified Solutions The nurse is caring for a patient who had a surgery for an arteriovenous fistula (AVF) in preparation for hemodialysis. What precautionary step should the nurse follow when caring for this patient? Initiate hemodialysis after four weeks. Never take blood pressure measurements in the extremity. Perform venipuncture in the extremity only after three months. Allow insertion of IV lines in the extremity only after six months. - CORRECT ANSWER Never take blood pressure measurements in the extremity. The nurse should inform the patient to never take blood pressure measurements, insert IV lines, or perform venipuncture in the extremity with vascular access. These special precautions are taken to prevent infection and clotting of the vascular access site. Maturation may take six weeks to months. Arteriovenous fistula (AVF) should be placed at least three months before initiating hemodialysis. During hemodialysis, the patient develops light-headedness and nausea. What is the priority action by the nurse? Administer hypertonic saline Administer a blood transfusion Decrease the rate of fluid removal Administer antiemetic medications - CORRECT ANSWER Decrease the rate of fluid removal The patient is experiencing hypotension from a rapid removal of vascular volume. The rate and volume of fluid removal will be decreased, and 0.9% saline solution may be infused. Hypertonic saline is not used because of the high sodium load. A blood transfusion is not indicated. Antiemetic medications may help the nausea but would not help the hypovolemia. Which substance can pass through the peritoneal membrane? Glucose Creatinine Fatty acids Amino acids - CORRECT ANSWER Amino acids