BCPS Statistics 2023 Exam Questions With Complete Solutions

BCPS Statistics 2023 Exam Questions With Complete Solutions NOIR - ANSWER Data types: nominal, ordinal, interval, ratio Nominal - ANSWER Yes or No variables or sex, mortality, dz presence, race, marital status Ordinal - ANSWER Ranked in order but no magnitude of ranks. Ex: NYHA, scale *means and SD should not be reported Interval - ANSWER Data ranked in order. Zero is arbitrary. Points can pass zero. Ex: Fahrenheit temperature Ratio - ANSWER Measurables and continuous. The values don't cross zero. Ex: HR, BP, time, distance Visual methods of describing data (3) - ANSWER Frequency distribution, histogram, scatterplot Measures of central tendency - ANSWER Mean, median, mode Mean - ANSWER Generally used for continuous and normally distributed data Median - ANSWER Midpoint of values when placed in order from highest to lowest *ordinal or continuous data Mode - ANSWER Most common value * used for nominal, ordinal or continuous *does not help describe meaningful distributions with a large range of values each occurring infrequent 2 types of discrete variables - ANSWER Nominal and ordinal Nominal data - ANSWER Unordered data. Ex-sex, mortality, disease presence, race, marital status Ordinal data - ANSWER Ranked in "order" but no consistent level of magnitude of difference between ranks. 1 and 2 in the hf scale doesn't match up as the regular number 1 and 2. The interval between the numbers doesn't mean the same thing. Common error with ordinal data - ANSWER Means and SD should not be reported Interval scale - ANSWER Data ranked in a specific order with a chance consistent change in magnitude between units. The zero point is arbitrary. Ex-degrees Fahrenheit. You can have a negative temperature Ratio scale - ANSWER Interval but with an absolute zero -degrees kelvin -age -hr -BP -time -distance Visual methods of describing data (3) - ANSWER -frequency distribution -histogram -scatterplot Numerical methods of describing data (3) - ANSWER -mean -median -mode Mean used for what type of data? - ANSWER -continuous and -normally distributed Median AKA - ANSWER 50th percentile Median used for what type of data? - ANSWER -ordinal or -continuous -especially good for skewed populations -insensitive to outliers Continuous variables AKA and types of - ANSWER -counting variables -interval & ratio Mode used for what types of data? - ANSWER -most common Value in a distribution -nominal, ordinal or continuous Standard deviation is - ANSWER Most common measure used to describe a spread of data Standard deviation data has to be... - ANSWER -continuous -normally distributed Variance equation - ANSWER Standard deviation squared Coefficient of variation meaning - ANSWER Relates the mean and the SD Coefficient of variation equation - ANSWER SD/mean * 100% Standard deviation sample values - ANSWER 68% of the sample values falls in 1 SD, 95% in 2 SD, and 99% in 3 SD Variance describes - ANSWER The variability Range - ANSWER -The difference between the smallest and largest value in a data set. -does not provide a lot of info -sensitive to outliers 3 ways to measure variability - ANSWER -standard deviation -range -percentiles