TEST BANK FOR VISUALIZING PSYCHOLOGY 3RD EDITION SIRI CARPENTER KAREN, Questions and answers, Graded A+ 2022 update

TEST BANK FOR VISUALIZING PSYCHOLOGY 3RD EDITION SIRI CARPENTER KAREN, Questions and answers, Graded A+ 2022 update Document Content and Description Below TEST BANK FOR VISUALIZING PSYCHOLOGY 3RD EDITION SIRI CARPENTER KAREN HUFFMAN ISBN : 2 !Table of Contents 1 Introduction and Research Methods 2 2 Neuroscience and Biological Foundations 32 3 Stress and Health Psychology 64 4 Sensation and Perception 86 5 States of Consciousness 118 6 Learning 146 7 Memory 174 8 Thinking, Language, and Intelligence 200 9 Lifespan Development I 228 10 Lifespan Development II 256 11 Motivation and Emotion 282 12 Personality 312 13 Psychological Disorders 340 14 Therapy 374 15 Social Psychology 402Package Title: Testbank Course Title: Visualizing Psychology 3e Chapter Number: Chapter 01 Question type: Multiple Choice 1) What organisms do psychologists study? a) rats b) humans c) chimps d) all of the above Answer: d Difficulty: Medium Section Reference 1: Introducing Psychology Learning Objective 1: 1.1: Define psychology and its four main goals. 2) Psychology is defined as the _____. a) science of conscious and unconscious forces on behavior b) empirical study of the mind c) scientific study of the mind d) scientific study of behavior and mental processes Answer: d Difficulty: Easy Section Reference 1: Introducing Psychology Learning Objective 1: 1.1: Define psychology and its four main goals. 3) Which of the following is a mental process? a) thinking b) feeling c) reading d) a and b Answer: d Difficulty: Medium Section Reference 1: Introducing PsychologyLearning Objective 1: 1.1: Define psychology and its four main goals. 4) A scientist watching jackals feed on seals measures the frequency of feeding, competitive behavior, and duration of feeding. He is gathering _____. a) anecdotal data b) empirical evidence c) scientific evidence d) critical evidence Answer: b Difficulty: Hard Section Reference 1: Introducing Psychology Learning Objective 1: 1.1: Define psychology and its four main goals. 5) _____ is information acquired by direct observation and measurement using systematic scientific methods. a) Psychological science b) Empirical evidence c) Critical thinking d) Scientology Answer: b Difficulty: Easy Section Reference 1: Introducing Psychology Learning Objective 1: 1.1: Define psychology and its four main goals. 6) What is the process of objectively evaluating, comparing, analyzing, and synthesizing information? a) empiricism b) science c) critical thinking d) mental processing Answer: c Difficulty: Easy Section Reference 1: Introducing Psychology Learning Objective 1: 1.1: Define psychology and its four main goals.7) Dr. Krostom responds to radio listeners by using mostly her own common sense, beliefs, and values rather than scientific research. This practice is more like _____ than _____. a) fraud; vice b) pseudopsychology; psychology c) illegal behavior; legal behavior d) opinion; facts Answer: b Difficulty: Hard Section Reference 1: Introducing Psychology Learning Objective 1: 1.1: Define psychology and its four main goals. 8) If Jill believes that she can predict an individual's personality simply by referring back to the position of the stars on the day the individual was born, then her beliefs capture the essence of ________________. a) critical thinking b) psychology c) pseudopsychology d) astronomy Answer: c Difficulty: Hard Section Reference 1: Introducing Psychology Learning Objective 1: 1.1: Define psychology and its four main goals. 9) What are the goals of psychology? a) to explore the conscious and unconscious functions of the human mind b) to understand, compare, and analyze human behavior c) to improve psychological well-being in all individuals from conception to death d) to describe, explain, predict, and change behavior Answer: d Difficulty: Easy Section Reference 1: Introducing Psychology Learning Objective 1: 1.1: Define psychology and its four main goals.10) A student placed in a gifted program based on his or her IQ score would be an example of which goal of psychology? a) describing behavior b) explaining behavior c) predicting behavior d) changing behavior Answer: c Difficulty: Hard Section Reference 1: Introducing Psychology Learning Objective 1: 1.1: Define psychology and its four main goals. 11) Because Timothy’s second-grade peers laughed at him, he was reluctant to speak out in class. This is a demonstration of which goal of psychology? a) describing behavior b) explaining behavior c) predicting behavior d) changing behavior Answer: b Difficulty: Hard Section Reference 1: Introducing Psychology Learning Objective 1: 1.1: Define psychology and its four main goals. 12) Which of the following is the BEST example of psychology's goal of describing behavior? a) giving an interest-inventory (test) at a college counseling center to determine what career or college choices would best suit a student b) conducting an experiment to determine if watching violent cartoons increases aggressive behavior in preschoolers c) videotaping an intersection with four-way stop signs and measuring the ratio of complete to incomplete stops made by drivers d) sending first-time drug offenders to an inpatient treatment program rather than to jail Answer: c Difficulty: Hard Section Reference 1: Introducing Psychology Learning Objective 1: 1.1: Define psychology and its four main goals.13) Which of the following is the BEST example of psychology's goal of changing behavior? a) sending first-time drug offenders to an inpatient treatment program rather than jail b) exploring the function of cutting behavior in a teenager's life so that the teenager can understand his or her options and make choices regarding the behavior. c) giving an interest-inventory (test) at a college counseling center to determine what career or college choices would best suit a student d) videotaping an intersection with four-way stop signs and measuring the ratio of complete to incomplete stops made by drivers Answer: b Difficulty: Hard Section Reference 1: Introducing Psychology Learning Objective 1: 1.1: Define psychology and its four main goals. 14) If a psychologist is interested in studying the risk factors that lead to delinquency in adolescence, on what goal of psychology is the researcher focused? a) describing behavior b) explaining behavior c) predicting behavior d) changing behavior Answer: c Difficulty: Hard Section Reference 1: Introducing Psychology Learning Objective 1: 1.1: Define psychology and its four main goals. 15) If Dr. A is interested in studying why individuals with antisocial personality continue to commit crimes and hurt others without feeling any remorse, on what goal of psychology is Dr. A focused? a) describing behavior b) explaining behavior c) predicting behavior d) changing behavior Answer: b Difficulty: HardSection Reference 1: Introducing Psychology Learning Objective 1: 1.1: Define psychology and its four main goals. 16) An example of ______________ would be if you argue that most behaviors are a product of your environment and your friend argues that behaviors are a result of heredity. a) the nature–nurture controversy b) applied versus basic research c) continuity versus discontinuity controversy d) an objective versus subjective argument Answer: a Difficulty: Hard Section Reference 1: Introducing Psychology Learning Objective 1: 1.1: Define psychology and its four main goals. 17) A person who believes that genetics, chemical imbalances in the brain, and hormonal imbalances are responsible for explaining behavior takes the side of _________________. a) nature b) nurture c) both nature and nurture d) cognitive influences Answer: a Difficulty: Hard Section Reference 1: Introducing Psychology Learning Objective 1: 1.1: Define psychology and its four main goals. 18) Research has shown that watching episodes of aggression on television causes children to become physically more aggressive. As a result, the V-chip was created. What goal of psychology does this best represent? a) describing behavior b) explaining behavior c) predicting behavior d) changing behavior Answer: d Difficulty: HardSection Reference 1: Introducing Psychology Learning Objective 1: 1.1: Define psychology and its four main goals. 19) The largest specialty area in the field of psychology is ____________. a) educational psychology b) school psychology c) clinical psychology d) cognitive psychology Answer: c Difficulty: easy Section Reference 1: Introducing Psychology Learning Objective 1: 1.1: Define psychology and its four main goals. 20) In what year was the first psychological laboratory founded? a) 1659 b) 1879 c) 1950 d) 1760 Answer: b Difficulty: Medium Section Reference 1: Origins of Psychology Learning Objective 1: 1.2: Describe the seven major perspectives in modern psychology and the biopsychosocial model. 21) The father of psychology is ________. a) Sigmund Freud b) B. F. Skinner c) Wilhelm Wundt d) William James Answer: c Difficulty: Easy Section Reference 1: Origins of Psychology Learning Objective 1: 1.2: Describe the seven major perspectives in modern psychology and the biopsychosocial model.22) If you were keeping an in-depth record of your conscious awareness including sensation, images, feelings, and thoughts that you are aware of experiencing, then you would be practicing what Wundt would call _________. a) structuralism b) empiricism c) functionalism d) introspection Answer: d Difficulty: Hard Section Reference 1: Origins of Psychology Learning Objective 1: 1.2: Describe the seven major perspectives in modern psychology and the biopsychosocial model. 23) Which of the following psychological theorists is most associated with the school of thought called structuralism? a) Sigmund Freud b) John Watson c) Harry Sullivan d) Edward Titchener Answer: d Difficulty: Easy Section Reference 1: Origins of Psychology Learning Objective 1: 1.2: Describe the seven major perspectives in modern psychology and the biopsychosocial model. 24) Structuralism made an important contribution to the science of psychology because it ________________. a) established a model for the scientific study of mental processes. b) showed how separate thoughts combined to form an idea. c) explained why individuals experience stimuli differently. d) highlighted why different scientific methods are needed to study children and animals versus studying adult humans. Answer: aDifficulty: Easy Section Reference 1: Origins of Psychology Learning Objective 1: 1.2: Describe the seven major perspectives in modern psychology and the biopsychosocial model. 25) _____ investigates how mental processes help people adapt to their environment. a) Structuralism b) Gestalt c) Cognitive processing d) Functionalism Answer: a Difficulty: Easy Section Reference 1: Origins of Psychology Learning Objective 1: 1.2: Describe the seven major perspectives in modern psychology and the biopsychosocial model. 26) Functionalism made an important contribution to the science of psychology because it ____________________. a) explained why different individuals experience stimuli differently. b) drew the line between branches of psychology so that each had its own function. c) expanded the scope of psychology to consider such topics as emotion and observable behavior. d) specified precisely the scope of psychology as dealing with mental processes. Answer: c Difficulty: Easy Section Reference 1: Origins of Psychology Learning Objective 1: 1.2: Describe the seven major perspectives in modern psychology and the biopsychosocial model. 27) Functionalism was strongly influenced by what previous theory? a) Darwin's theory of evolution b) structuralism c) behaviorism d) Pavlov's theory of classical conditioning Answer: aDifficulty: Easy Section Reference 1: Origins of Psychology Learning Objective 1: 1.2: Describe the seven major perspectives in modern psychology and the biopsychosocial model. 28) The belief that the unconscious mind has an influence on one's behavior is part of what theory of personality? a) psychobiological b) psychosocial c) psychoanalytic d) psychobehavioral Answer: c Difficulty: Easy Section Reference 1: Origins of Psychology Learning Objective 1: 1.2: Describe the seven major perspectives in modern psychology and the biopsychosocial model. 29) The clinician who was fascinated by the ability of the unconscious mind to influence the body was ________________. a) Edward Titchener b) Sigmund Freud c) William James d) B. F. Skinner Answer: b Difficulty: Easy Section Reference 1: Origins of Psychology Learning Objective 1: 1.2: Describe the seven major perspectives in modern psychology and the biopsychosocial model. 30) Which of the following is an important reason why many of Freud's followers moved away from his school of thought? a) He put too much emphasis on sex and aggression as motives for behavior. b) He believed too strongly that the mind influences the body in such diseases as cancer and Alzheimer's disease. c) He put too much emphasis on social relationships and social motives in explaining behavior.d) He believed too strongly that defense mechanisms such as projection and transference were a factor in behavior. Answer: a Difficulty: Medium Section Reference 1: Origins of Psychology Learning Objective 1: 1.2: Describe the seven major perspectives in modern psychology and the biopsychosocial model. 31) Which one of the following parts of Freudian theory is still accepted by many psychotherapists today? a) the influence of sexual drives on behavior b) the influence of aggressive drives on behavior c) the influence of the unconscious mind on behavior d) a and b Answer: c Difficulty: Medium Section Reference 1: Origins of Psychology Learning Objective 1: 1.2: Describe the seven major perspectives in modern psychology and the biopsychosocial model. 32) The psychological perspective that emphasizes objective, observable environmental influences of overt behavior is called the __________________________. a) psychodynamic perspective b) functionalist perspective. c) overt perspective. d) behavioral perspective. Answer: d Difficulty: Easy Section Reference 1: Origins of Psychology Learning Objective 1: 1.2: Describe the seven major perspectives in modern psychology and the biopsychosocial model. 33) Behaviorists were different conceptually from earlier psychologists and: a) rejected the practice of introspection.b) rejected the influence of unconscious forces. c) believed classical conditioning only applied to animals such as Pavlov's dogs. d) a and b Answer: d Difficulty: Medium Section Reference 1: Origins of Psychology Learning Objective 1: 1.2: Describe the seven major perspectives in modern psychology and the biopsychosocial model. 34) Pavlov's concept of ______________ explained behavior as a result of observable stimuli and observable responses. a) introspection b) conditioning c) functionalism d) shaping Answer: b Difficulty: Medium Section Reference 1: Origins of Psychology Learning Objective 1: 1.2: Describe the seven major perspectives in modern psychology and the biopsychosocial model. 35) Dr. Watson, from the _____ school of psychology, focused on objective, observable behavior rather than on the unconscious. a) behaviorist b) cognitive c) developmentalist d) conditionalist Answer: a Difficulty: Medium Section Reference 1: Origins of Psychology Learning Objective 1: 1.2: Describe the seven major perspectives in modern psychology and the biopsychosocial model. 36) Behaviorists have been most successful in treating people with problems such as _____________.a) depression b) anxiety c) alcoholism d) schizophrenia Answer: c Difficulty: Easy Section Reference 1: Origins of Psychology Learning Objective 1: 1.2: Describe the seven major perspectives in modern psychology and the biopsychosocial model. 37) Behaviorists are most successful in treating ________. a) neuroses of the mind b) observable behavior problems c) low self esteem d) psychotic disorders Answer: b Difficulty: Easy Section Reference 1: Origins of Psychology Learning Objective 1: 1.2: Describe the seven major perspectives in modern psychology and the biopsychosocial model. 38) The psychological perspective that emerged in the 1950s that stressed free will and selfactualization was the __________ perspective. a) behavioral b) cognitive c) humanistic d) psychodynamic Answer: c Difficulty: Easy Section Reference 1: Origins of Psychology Learning Objective 1: 1.2: Describe the seven major perspectives in modern psychology and the biopsychosocial model. 39) According to the humanistic perspective, human behavior is determined by ________ causes.a) voluntary b) external c) objective d) psychoanalytic Answer: a Difficulty: Medium Section Reference 1: Origins of Psychology Learning Objective 1: 1.2: Describe the seven major perspectives in modern psychology and the biopsychosocial model. 40) A state of self-fulfillment that all individuals naturally strive to develop and move toward, according to Abraham Maslow, is called _____. a) self-satisfaction b) joy c) self-actualization d) accomplishment Answer: c Difficulty: Easy Section Reference 1: Origins of Psychology Learning Objective 1: 1.2: Describe the seven major perspectives in modern psychology and the biopsychosocial model. 41) The fact that humans can voluntarily choose to engage in behavior is known as ________. a) self-actualization b) free will c) conditioning d) introspection Answer: b Difficulty: Easy Section Reference 1: Origins of Psychology Learning Objective 1: 1.2: Describe the seven major perspectives in modern psychology and the biopsychosocial model. 42) The humanistic perspective was responsible for influencing the development of what area ofpsychology? a) cognitive b) sociocultural c) positive d) evolutionary Answer: c Difficulty: Easy Section Reference 1: Origins of Psychology Learning Objective 1: 1.2: Describe the seven major perspectives in modern psychology and the biopsychosocial model. 43) The psychological perspective that studies how we gather, encode, and store information is the ________ perspective. a) cognitive b) gestalt c) concept formation d) information-processing Answer: a Difficulty: Easy Section Reference 1: Origins of Psychology Learning Objective 1: 1.2: Describe the seven major perspectives in modern psychology and the biopsychosocial model. 44) The model that likens the mind to a computer that sequentially takes in information, processes it, and then produces a response is called the ________. a) stepwise model b) information-processing model c) cognitive processing model d) reasoning approach Answer: b Difficulty: Easy Section Reference 1: Origins of Psychology Learning Objective 1: 1.2: Describe the seven major perspectives in modern psychology and the biopsychosocial model.45) Cognitive psychology focuses on ____. a) conflict within the conscious mind b) the positive, creative, growth-seeking potential of human nature c) mental processes, language, and perception d) complex biochemical events involved in information processing Answer: c Difficulty: Medium Section Reference 1: Origins of Psychology Learning Objective 1: 1.2: Describe the seven major perspectives in modern psychology and the biopsychosocial model. 46) What type of psychologist would study the processes through which students go through in committing to memory information from a textbook? a) biological b) cognitive c) psychoanalytic d) behavioral Answer: b Difficulty: Medium Section Reference 1: Origins of Psychology Learning Objective 1: 1.2: Describe the seven major perspectives in modern psychology and the biopsychosocial model. 47) Biopsychologists emphasize _____. a) that behavior is the result of genetics and physiological processes occurring in the brain and nervous system b) the belief that biology is destiny c) the evolution of mental behavior d) that the way to understand human behavior is to first understand animal behavior Answer: a Difficulty: Easy Section Reference 1: Origins of Psychology Learning Objective 1: 1.2: Describe the seven major perspectives in modern psychology and the biopsychosocial model.48) Which of the following terms belong together? a) structuralism: observable behavior b) behaviorism: stimulus-response c) psychoanalytic: unconscious conflict d) b and c Answer: d Difficulty: Hard Section Reference 1: Origins of Psychology Learning Objective 1: 1.2: Describe the seven major perspectives in modern psychology and the biopsychosocial model. 49) Which psychological perspective emphasizes social interactions and cultural determinants of behavior and mental processes? a) behavioral b) sociocultural c) environmental d) evolutionary Answer: b Difficulty: Easy Section Reference 1: Origins of Psychology Learning Objective 1: 1.2: Describe the seven major perspectives in modern psychology and the biopsychosocial model. 50) The norm for standing distance between two friends during a conversation is about 3–6 feet in the United States, whereas it is only about 1–2 feet in Middle Eastern countries. This difference best reflects what type of psychology? a) behavioral b) sociocultural c) environmental d) evolutionary Answer: b Difficulty: Hard Section Reference 1: Origins of PsychologyLearning Objective 1: 1.2: Describe the seven major perspectives in modern psychology and the biopsychosocial model. 51) Sociocultural psychology is the study of the ___________. a) influence of culture and social interactions on people's behavior b) superiority of some cultures over others c) common behaviors that occur in all cultures d) cultural influences on societies Answer: a Difficulty: Easy Section Reference 1: Origins of Psychology Learning Objective 1: 1.2: Describe the seven major perspectives in modern psychology and the biopsychosocial model. 52) The biopsychosocial model is known as a(n) _______. a) integration model b) unifying theme c) consolidation model d) eclectic conceptualization Answer: b Difficulty: Medium Section Reference 1: Origins of Psychology Learning Objective 1: 1.2: Describe the seven major perspectives in modern psychology and the biopsychosocial model. 53) ______________ proposes that biological processes, psychological factors, and social forces are all interrelated and inseparable influences. a) The biobehavioral environmental model b) The eclectic model c) The biopsychosocial model d) The consolidation model Answer: c Difficulty: Easy Section Reference 1: Origins of PsychologyLearning Objective 1: 1.2: Describe the seven major perspectives in modern psychology and the biopsychosocial model. 54) Natural selection, adaptation, and the evolution of behavior patterns are major emphases in the _____ perspective of psychology. a) psychobiological b) psychosocial c) ecological d) evolutionary Answer: d Difficulty: Easy Section Reference 1: Origins of Psychology Learning Objective 1: 1.2: Describe the seven major perspectives in modern psychology and the biopsychosocial model. 55) The idea that depression is influenced by genetics, neurotransmitters, learned responses, thinking patterns, and s