Ethics in America DSST questions with correct answers

Ethics correct answer The academic discipline of analyzing morality, based on reasoning, rules and logic. Cosmogony correct answer The study of the origin of the universe. Pythagoras correct answer A pre-Socratic philosopher, mathematician and cosmologist who wrote nothing himself, but is historically thought to have believed in the magic of numbers and reincarnation. Sophists correct answer A group of traveling teachers from the fifth century BC who were paid to lecture on a variety of topics. They can be considered the first relativists, and gained a reputation for being untrustworthy thanks to their reliance on persuasion over truth. Relativism correct answer The belief that every point of view and standard of behavior is equally valid. Thucydides correct answer A Greek historian who wrote The History of the Peloponnesian War, which presented a mixture of facts and fact-based fictionalization. In it he raises questions of the ethics of war. He equated freedom with happiness and courage. Socrates correct answer One of the most famous thinkers of all time, not for his beliefs, but his dialectic method of teaching. He never wrote anything himself, but was memorialized in the works of his student, Plato. For him, virtue and knowledge were the same, and all wickedness stemmed from ignorance. The Athenian government saw him as a threat and had him executed. Dialectic correct answer Also known as the Socratic Method, a method of argument in which one person asks the other questions to try to get them to realize their own answers or the flaws in their argument. Plato correct answer Founder of the Academy and writer of the Republic. Allegory of the Cave correct answer An extended metaphor created by Plato. It describes a group of prisoners in a cave, chained so their backs are to the entrance. They believe that the shadows (sensed reality) before them are reality, until someone manages