WGU C215 QUESTIONS AND ANSWERS WITH COMPLETE SOLUTIONS. Rated A

WGU C215 QUESTIONS AND ANSWERS WITH COMPLETE SOLUTIONS. Rated A Document Content and Description Below WGU C215 QUESTIONS AND ANSWERS WITH COMPLETE SOLUTIONS ABC Classification a method for determining level of control and frequency of review of inventory items Acceptable Quality Level (AQL) The small percentage of defects that consumers are willing to accept. Acceptable Sampling The process of randomly inspecting a sample of goods and deciding whether to accept the entire lot based on the results Action Bucket The current time period Action Notices Output from an MRP system that identifies the need for an action to be taken. Activity-on-node network diagramming notation that places activities in the nodes and arrows to signify precedence relationships Advertising Revenue Model Provides users with information on services and products and provides an opportunity for suppliers to advertise. Affiliate Revenue Model companies receive a referral fee for directing business to an affiliate Aggregate Plan Includes the budgeted levels of finished products, inventory, backlogs, workforce size, and aggregate production rate needed to support the marketing plan. ALDEP Computer software packages for design process layoutsAllowance Factor the amount of time the analyst allows for personal time, fatigue, and unavoidable delays Alternative Workplace brings work to the worker rather than the worker to the workplace Anticipation Inventory inventory built in anticipation of future demand Application Service Provider (ASP) sets up and runs ERP systems Appraisal Costs Costs incurred in the process of uncovering defects Assemble-to-order Strategy produces standard components that can be combined to customer specifications Assignable causes of variation Causes that can be identified and eliminated. Attributes A product characteristic that has discrete value and can be counted Automated order entry system A method using telephone models to send digital orders to suppliers Automation Using machinery to perform work without human operators Average number of jobs in the system measures work-in-process inventory Average outgoing quality (AOQ) The expected proportion of defective items that will be passed to the customer under the sampling plan. Back orders unfilled customer ordersBack-order Delaying delivery to the customer until the item becomes available. Backward integration Owning or controlling sources of raw materials and components. backward scheduling scheduling method that determines when the job must be started to be done on the due date Balance Delay The amount by which the line efficiency falls short of 100 percent. Batch processes A type of process used to produce a small quantity of products in groups or batches based on customer orders or specifications. Behavioral Feasibility degree to which the job is intrinsically satisfying to the employee Beliefs that help define JIT Philosophy Broad view operations, simplicity, continuous improvements, visibility, and flexibility Benchmarking The process of studying the practices of companies considered 'best-in-class' and comparing your company's performance against theirs. Best operating level The volume of output that results in the lowest average unit cost. beta probability distribution typically represents project activities Bill of Material (BOM) lists all the subassemblies, component parts, and raw materials that go into an end item and shows the usage quantity of each required Block Plan schematic showing the placement of resources in a facilityBottleneck Longest Task in the process Bottom-round management Consensus management by committees or teams break-even analysis technique used to compute the amount of goods that must be sold just to cover costs Broad view of JIT a philosophy that encompasses the entire organization Broad view of the organization Tasks and procedures are important only if they meet the company's overall goals. bullwhip effect inaccurate or distorted demand information created in the supply chain Business-to-business e-commerce businesses selling to and buying from other businesses Business-to-consumer e-commerce on-line businesses sell to individual consumers C-charts A control chart used to monitor the number of defects per unit Capacity The maximum output rate that can be achieved by a facility capacity cushion Additional capacity added to regular capacity requirements to provide greater flexibility. Capacity Planning the process of establishing the output rate that can be achieved by a facilityCapacity Requirements Planning (CRP) determines the labor and machine resources needed to fill the open and planned orders generated by the MRP Capacity Utilization Percentage measure of how well available capacity is being used. Capacity-based Options A group of options that allow the firm to change its current operating capacity. Capacity-constrained Resources Bottleneck caused by ineffective usage Capital Costs the higher of the cost of capital or the opportunity cost for the company Cause-and-effect diagram A chart that identifies potential causes of particular quality problems. Cell Manufacturing placement of dissimilar machines and equipment together to produce a family of products with similar processing requirements Chase Aggregate Plan a planning approach that varies production to meet demand each period Checklist A list of common defects and the number of observed occurrences of these defects. Closed-loop MRP An MRP system that includes production planning, master production scheduling, and capacity requirements planning Common Random causes that cannot be identified Components Raw materials, purchased items, or sub assemblies that are part of a larger assemblycomputer-aided design (CAD) A system that uses computer graphics to design new products. computer-integrated manufacturing (CIM) A term used to describe the integration of product design, process planning, and manufacturing using an integrated computer system. Concurrent Engineering An approach that brings together multifunction teams in the early phase of product design in order to simultaneously design the product and the process. Conformance to specifications How well a product or service meets the targets and tolerances determined by its designers. Consumer's Risk The chance of accepting a lot that contains a greater number of defects than the LTPD limit Continuous Improvement A philosophy of never-ending improvement Continuous Processes A type of process that operates continually to produce a high volume of a fully standardized product. Continuous Review System updates inventory balances after each inventory transaction Control Chart A graph that shows whether a sample of data falls within the common or normal range of variation. Control Charts Charts used to evaluate whether a process is operating within set expectations CRAFT Computer software packages for design process layoutsCrashing reducing the completion time of the project Critical Chain Approach focus on the final due date that is based on the theory of constraints Critical Path the longest sequential path through the network diagram Critical Path Method (CPM) Network planning technique, with deterministic times, used to determine a project's planned completion date and identify the project's critical path. Crossdocking Eliminates the storage and order-picking functions of a distribution warehouse. Customer Service the ability to satisfy customer requirements Customer-defined quality an integrated effort designed to improve quality performance at every level of the organization Cycle counting prespecified items are counted daily Cycle time the maximum amount of time a product is allowed to spend at each workstation Decision Tree Modeling tool used to evaluate independent decisions that must be made in sequence. Demand-based options A group of options that respond to demand fluctuations through the use of inventory or back orders, or by shifting the demand pattern. Deeming Prize A japanese award given to companies to recognize efforts in quality improvementDependent Demand demand for component parts is based on the number of end items being produced descriptive statistics Statistics used to describe quality characteristics and relationships Design capacity The maximum output rate that can be achieved by a facility under ideal conditions. Design for manufacture (DFM) A series of guidelines to follow in order to produce a product easily and profitably. Deterministic Assumption that the activity duration is known with certainty diseconomies of scale A condition in which the cost of each additional unit made increases. Distribution Inventory finished goods in the distribution system Distribution Management responsible for movement of material from the manufacturer to the customer Distribution Warehouse Used for short term storage, consolidation, and product mixing. Distribution Crossdocking The receiving and consolidating of inbound products from different vendors into a multi-SKU pallet Due Date time when the job is supposed to be finished Duration of the change the expected length of time the different capacity level is neededE-commerce Using the internet to carry out business transactions E-distributors Independently owned net marketplaces having catalogs representing thousands of suppliers and designed for spot purchases. E-purchasing Companies that connect on-line MRO suppliers to businesses that pay fees to join the market, usually for long-term contractual purchasing. Early Supplier Involvement (ESI) Involvement of critical suppliers in new product design. Economic Feasibility The cost of the job should be less than the value it adds Economic order quantity model (EOQ) An optimizing method used for determining order quantity and reorder points. Economic Production Quantity (EPQ) A model that allows for incremental product delivery economies of scale A condition in which the average cost of a unit produced is reduced as the amount of output is increased Effective Capacity the maximum output rate that can be sustained under normal conditions. Is a permanent measure used to achieve design capacity. Is lower than design capacity. Efficiency Ratio of actual output to standard output Electronic Data Interchange (EDI) a form of computer-to-computer communications that enables sharing business documents electronic request for quote (eRFQs) An electronic request for a quote on goods and services.Electronic storefronts on-line catalogs of products made available to the general public by a single supplier Elemental Time Database Establish standards based on previously completed time studies, stored in an organization's database End Item A product sold as a completed item or repair part. Engineering Plan Identifies new products or modifications to existing products that are needed to support the marketing plan. Enterprise Resource Planning (ERP) An information system designed to integrate internal and external members of the supply chain Exchanges A marketplace that focuses on spot requirements of large firms in a single industry. Expected Value A weighted average of chance events, where each chance event is given a probability of occurrence. Expedite To rush orders that are needed in less than the normal lead time. Explosion Process Calculates the demand for the children of a parent