OB/GYN questions and answers 1005 correct

OB/GYN questions and answers 1005 correct Adnexa Appendages or accessory structures of an organ. Bony pelvis The 4 bones of the pelvis that make up the lower part of the trunk of the body; serves to support the upper body and protect the pelvic organs. Breech Intrauterine position of a fetus in which that buttocks or feet present first. Cesarean section (C-section) A surgical procedure in which the abdomen and uterus are incised to deliver a baby. Corpus luteum A small mass of yellow-colored tissue that develops on the ovary and that grows within the ruptured ovarian follicle after ovulation; responsible for secreting progesterone to maintain the high level of vascular supply to the uterine endometrium for the purposes of implantation and pregnancy. Curettage Removal of tissue with a blunt or sharp curette by scraping the surface; performed to remove abnormal tissue, to obtain tissue for examination and diagnostic purposes, or to remove tissue from infected areas. DUB Dysfunctional Uterine Bleeding; abnormal uterine bleeding that is not due to a tumor, pregnancy, or infection, and occurs when menstruation is not taking place. Dystocia Difficult birth due to various reasons, such as cephalopelvic distortion, fetus size, or condition or position of fetus. Dysmenorrhea Painful menstruation. Episiotomy The surgical incision of perineum to enlarge the vaginal opening and prevent tearing of the perineum and muscles during delivery. Exenteration Refers to total removal of; usually used in reference to the surgical procedure of total pelvic exenteration, which involves the removal of the vagina, uterus, and cervix, fallopian tubes, ovaries, bladder, and rectum for surgical treatment of cancer. Fimbria Finger-like structures that form on an edge, such as the fimbria of the fallopian tubes. Fistula Abnormal communication between to normally seperate internal structures, or an abnormal communication between an internal structure and the body surface. Gravida Refers to the pregnant female; the first pregancy is referred to as gravida I; additional pregnancies are numbered sequentially. LEEP Loop Electrosurgical Excision; Surgical procedure that uses the electrosurgical unit coupled to a loop electrode on the cautery pencil; used to excise a cone of tissue to remove an area of neoplasia. Ligament A band of fibrous tissue composed of collagen that connects bone to bone. Marsupialization Incision of a closed cavity with the suturing of the opened edges to the wall of the wound to form an open wound that will heal by second intention. Myoma A benign fibroid tumor of the uterus. Occiput anterior The most common relationship between the presenting fetal part and the maternal body pelvis. Parity The classification used to indicate the number of live and stillborn births that a female has delivered at more than 20 weeks of gestation. Perineum The area between the posterior portion of the vagina or scrotum and the opening to the anus. Forms the base of the perineal floor and posterior wall of the vagina. The levator ani muslces form a sling to keep the pelvic contents intacts during coughing, straining, or bearing down in labor. Pfannenstiel Surgical transverse incision made in the lower abdomen, uaully employed when performing a C-section. Vestibule An opening that serves as the entrance to a passageway, such as the vestibule of the vagina. What is the fornix? The annular recess created by the cervical-vaginal junction. What are the 3 layers of he uterine wall? Peritoneum, myometrium, and endmetrium. Where are the Bartholon's glands located and that is their function? They are located within the vestibule and they secrete a lubricating mucoid substance. List the structures contained within the borad ligament. Uterine fallopian tube, the round and ovarian ligaments, various blood vessles, nerves, and lymphatics. What are the 2 other names for the fallopian tubes? Uterine tubes and oviducts. Name the 2 hormones from the anterior pituitary that stimulate the ovarian cycle. Luteinizing hormone (LH) and follicle stimulating hormone (FSH). Name the 2 hormones that are produced by the ovary. Estrogen and progesterone. What is the main muscle of the pelvic floor? Name it's 3 components. Levator ani mucsle; it's 3 components are, 1) iliococcygeal 2) pubococcygeal and 3) puborectalis. Labia Majora Rounded prominent longitudinal flaps, the large outer lips. Contains sebaceous and sweat galnds, covered in a triangle of hair - after menopause the labia majora atrophies. Vulva The external female genitalia. Mons pubis Rounded prominence over symphysis pubis, top part of the labia majora. Clitoris Erectile structure of the female anatomy, it's the female equivalent to the penis. Labia minora Connective tissue within the labia majora, they are the 2 smaller lips that contain sebaceous glands. The anterior portion forms the prepuce of the clitoris. Anus Rectal oriface. Hymen Thin fold of membrane just inside the vaginal oriface. T or F; The uterus is pear shaped with a fundus, body, and cervix. True T or F; The ligaments connecting to the pelvic wall include the cardinal, ovarian, and broad. False; Cardinal, round, and infundibulopelvic.