ATI FUNDAMENTALS PROCTORED EXAM
| QUESTIONSAND ANSWERS WITH
RATIONALES | LATEST 2022/ 2023
1. A nurse is planning to collect a stool specimen for ova and parasites from a
client who has diarrhea. Which of the following actions should the nurse take
when collecting the specimen?
A. Instruct the client to defecate into the toilet bowl
-incorrect: The nurse should have the client defecate into a bedpan or a
container for stoolcollection. The toilet water can dilute and contaminate the
liquid specimen.
B. Transfer the specimen to a sterile container
-incorrect: The nurse should place the stool specimen in a clean container
using a tonguedepressor.
C. Refrigerate the collected specimen
-incorrect: The nurse should send the collected stool specimen immediately to the
laboratory after labeling the specimen properly to prevent contamination with
microorganisms and keep thespecimen from getting cold.
D. Place the stool specimen collection container in a biohazard bag
-The nurse should place the specimen collection container in a biohazard bag
with the client label on the container and the bag for easy identification. This
will also prevent contaminationwith microorganisms.
2. A nurse is caring for a client who has a tracheostomy and requires suctioning.
Which of thefollowing actions should the nurse take?
A. Hyper oxygenate the client before suctioning
-The nurse should use a manual resuscitation bag to hyper oxygenate the
client for severalminutes prior to suctioning.
B. Insert the catheter during exhalation
-incorrect: The nurse should insert the catheter during inhalation
C. Apply suction during insertion of the catheter
-incorrect: Applying suction while inserting the catheter increases the risk of
damage to thetracheal mucosa and removes oxygen from the airways.
D. Apply suction for no more than 15 secs
,-incorrect: The nurse should apply suction for no more than 10 seconds
3. A nurse is providing teaching to a client regarding protein intake. Which of
the followingfoods should the nurse include as an example of an incomplete
protein?
A. Eggs
-incorrect: this is a complete protein, contains all of the essential amino acids
necessary for thesynthesis of protein in the body.
,B. Soybeans
-incorrect: this is a complete protein, contains all of the essential amino acids
necessary for thesynthesis of protein in the body.
C. Lentils
-Incomplete proteins are missing 1 or more of the essential amino acids
necessary for the synthesis of protein in the body. Examples of incomplete
proteins include lentils, vegetables,grains, nuts, and seeds.
D. Yogurt
-incorrect: this is a complete protein, contains all of the essential amino acids
necessary for thesynthesis of protein in the body.
4. A nurse is caring for a client who was admitted to a long-term care facility for
rehabilitationafter a total hip arthroplasty. At which of the following times
should the nurse begin discharge planning?
A. One week prior to the client’s discharge
-incorrect: Beginning to plan for the client’s discharge a week prior to the event
might not allow sufficient time for planning. The nurse should begin discharge
planning at the time of admission. B. Upon the client’s admission to the care
facility
-The nurse should begin discharge planning at the time that the client is admitted to
the facility.
C. Once the discharge date is identified
-incorrect: Beginning to plan for the client’s discharge once the discharge date is
identified mightnot allow sufficient time for planning. The nurse should begin
discharge planning at the time of admission.
D. When the client addresses the topic with the nurse
-incorrect: Beginning to plan for the client’s discharge once the discharge date is
identified mightnot allow sufficient time for planning. The nurse should begin
discharge planning at the time of admission.
5. A nurse is preparing to administer a cleansing enema to a client. Which of
the followingactions should the nurse plan to take?
A. Insert the rectal tube 15.2 cm (6 in)
-incorrect: The nurse should insert the rectal tube 7 to 10 cm (3 to 4 in)
B. Wear sterile gloves to insert the tubing
-incorrect: The nurse should wear clean (nonsterile) gloves to prevent contamination.
C. Position the client on his left side
-Positioning is an important aspect of administering an enema. Having the client
lie on his leftside facilitates the flow of the enema solution into the sigmoid and
descending colon.
D. Hold the solution bag 91 cm (36 inch) above the client’s rectum
-incorrect: The nurse should hold the solution bag 30 cm (12 in) above the
client’s rectum for alow enema and 45 cm (18 in) for a high enema. If the nurse
holds the solution bag too high, thesolution might run in too fast, causing
, discomfort and spasms that make retaining the enema more difficult.
5. A nurse is caring for a client who has bilateral cats on her hands. Which of
the followingactions should the nurse take when assisting the client with
feeding?
A.Sit at the bedside when feeding the client
-The nurse should avoid appearing to be in a hurry. Sitting at the bedside provides
the client withthe nurse’s full attention during the feeding
B. Order pureed foods
-incorrect: Without any mouth or throat injuries that make chewing or
swallowing difficult, the client should be served foods of an appropriate variety
of textures. Pureed foods are for clients who cannot chew, have difficulty
swallowing, or do not have teeth.
C. Make sure feedings are provided at room temperature
-incorrect: The nurse should ask the client if the food is the correct temperature
D. Offer the client a drink of fluid after every bite
-incorrect: If the client is unable to communicate, the nurse should offer the client
fluids after every 3 or 4 mouthfuls. However, there is no indication that this client
is unable to communicate.Therefore, the client should tell the nurse when she
would like a drink.
6. A nurse is administering an IM injection to a 5-month-old infant. Which of
the followinginjection sites should the nurse use?
A. Deltoid
-incorrect: The nurse can use the deltoid muscle for injecting small volumes of
medication forchildren 18 months of age or older, but its proximity to several
nerves and arteries make it a riskier choice.
B. Ventrogluteal
-incorrect: This is a safe site for IM injections for clients older than 7 months.
C. Vastus lateralis
-The nurse should use the vastus lateralis site over the anterior thigh for IM
injections for infantsand children.
D. Dorsogluteal
-incorrect: This site is unsafe to use because of its proximity to the sciatic nerve
and the superiorgluteal nerve and artery.
7. A nurse is caring for a client who has major fecal incontinence and reports
irritation in theperianal area. Which of the following actions should the nurse
take first?
A. Apply a fecal collection system
-incorrect: The nurse should apply a fecal collection system to divert the feces
away from thearea of skin irritation; however, there is another action the nurse
should take first.
B. Apply a barrier cream
-incorrect: The nurse should apply a barrier cream to decrease skin breakdown
| QUESTIONSAND ANSWERS WITH
RATIONALES | LATEST 2022/ 2023
1. A nurse is planning to collect a stool specimen for ova and parasites from a
client who has diarrhea. Which of the following actions should the nurse take
when collecting the specimen?
A. Instruct the client to defecate into the toilet bowl
-incorrect: The nurse should have the client defecate into a bedpan or a
container for stoolcollection. The toilet water can dilute and contaminate the
liquid specimen.
B. Transfer the specimen to a sterile container
-incorrect: The nurse should place the stool specimen in a clean container
using a tonguedepressor.
C. Refrigerate the collected specimen
-incorrect: The nurse should send the collected stool specimen immediately to the
laboratory after labeling the specimen properly to prevent contamination with
microorganisms and keep thespecimen from getting cold.
D. Place the stool specimen collection container in a biohazard bag
-The nurse should place the specimen collection container in a biohazard bag
with the client label on the container and the bag for easy identification. This
will also prevent contaminationwith microorganisms.
2. A nurse is caring for a client who has a tracheostomy and requires suctioning.
Which of thefollowing actions should the nurse take?
A. Hyper oxygenate the client before suctioning
-The nurse should use a manual resuscitation bag to hyper oxygenate the
client for severalminutes prior to suctioning.
B. Insert the catheter during exhalation
-incorrect: The nurse should insert the catheter during inhalation
C. Apply suction during insertion of the catheter
-incorrect: Applying suction while inserting the catheter increases the risk of
damage to thetracheal mucosa and removes oxygen from the airways.
D. Apply suction for no more than 15 secs
,-incorrect: The nurse should apply suction for no more than 10 seconds
3. A nurse is providing teaching to a client regarding protein intake. Which of
the followingfoods should the nurse include as an example of an incomplete
protein?
A. Eggs
-incorrect: this is a complete protein, contains all of the essential amino acids
necessary for thesynthesis of protein in the body.
,B. Soybeans
-incorrect: this is a complete protein, contains all of the essential amino acids
necessary for thesynthesis of protein in the body.
C. Lentils
-Incomplete proteins are missing 1 or more of the essential amino acids
necessary for the synthesis of protein in the body. Examples of incomplete
proteins include lentils, vegetables,grains, nuts, and seeds.
D. Yogurt
-incorrect: this is a complete protein, contains all of the essential amino acids
necessary for thesynthesis of protein in the body.
4. A nurse is caring for a client who was admitted to a long-term care facility for
rehabilitationafter a total hip arthroplasty. At which of the following times
should the nurse begin discharge planning?
A. One week prior to the client’s discharge
-incorrect: Beginning to plan for the client’s discharge a week prior to the event
might not allow sufficient time for planning. The nurse should begin discharge
planning at the time of admission. B. Upon the client’s admission to the care
facility
-The nurse should begin discharge planning at the time that the client is admitted to
the facility.
C. Once the discharge date is identified
-incorrect: Beginning to plan for the client’s discharge once the discharge date is
identified mightnot allow sufficient time for planning. The nurse should begin
discharge planning at the time of admission.
D. When the client addresses the topic with the nurse
-incorrect: Beginning to plan for the client’s discharge once the discharge date is
identified mightnot allow sufficient time for planning. The nurse should begin
discharge planning at the time of admission.
5. A nurse is preparing to administer a cleansing enema to a client. Which of
the followingactions should the nurse plan to take?
A. Insert the rectal tube 15.2 cm (6 in)
-incorrect: The nurse should insert the rectal tube 7 to 10 cm (3 to 4 in)
B. Wear sterile gloves to insert the tubing
-incorrect: The nurse should wear clean (nonsterile) gloves to prevent contamination.
C. Position the client on his left side
-Positioning is an important aspect of administering an enema. Having the client
lie on his leftside facilitates the flow of the enema solution into the sigmoid and
descending colon.
D. Hold the solution bag 91 cm (36 inch) above the client’s rectum
-incorrect: The nurse should hold the solution bag 30 cm (12 in) above the
client’s rectum for alow enema and 45 cm (18 in) for a high enema. If the nurse
holds the solution bag too high, thesolution might run in too fast, causing
, discomfort and spasms that make retaining the enema more difficult.
5. A nurse is caring for a client who has bilateral cats on her hands. Which of
the followingactions should the nurse take when assisting the client with
feeding?
A.Sit at the bedside when feeding the client
-The nurse should avoid appearing to be in a hurry. Sitting at the bedside provides
the client withthe nurse’s full attention during the feeding
B. Order pureed foods
-incorrect: Without any mouth or throat injuries that make chewing or
swallowing difficult, the client should be served foods of an appropriate variety
of textures. Pureed foods are for clients who cannot chew, have difficulty
swallowing, or do not have teeth.
C. Make sure feedings are provided at room temperature
-incorrect: The nurse should ask the client if the food is the correct temperature
D. Offer the client a drink of fluid after every bite
-incorrect: If the client is unable to communicate, the nurse should offer the client
fluids after every 3 or 4 mouthfuls. However, there is no indication that this client
is unable to communicate.Therefore, the client should tell the nurse when she
would like a drink.
6. A nurse is administering an IM injection to a 5-month-old infant. Which of
the followinginjection sites should the nurse use?
A. Deltoid
-incorrect: The nurse can use the deltoid muscle for injecting small volumes of
medication forchildren 18 months of age or older, but its proximity to several
nerves and arteries make it a riskier choice.
B. Ventrogluteal
-incorrect: This is a safe site for IM injections for clients older than 7 months.
C. Vastus lateralis
-The nurse should use the vastus lateralis site over the anterior thigh for IM
injections for infantsand children.
D. Dorsogluteal
-incorrect: This site is unsafe to use because of its proximity to the sciatic nerve
and the superiorgluteal nerve and artery.
7. A nurse is caring for a client who has major fecal incontinence and reports
irritation in theperianal area. Which of the following actions should the nurse
take first?
A. Apply a fecal collection system
-incorrect: The nurse should apply a fecal collection system to divert the feces
away from thearea of skin irritation; however, there is another action the nurse
should take first.
B. Apply a barrier cream
-incorrect: The nurse should apply a barrier cream to decrease skin breakdown
