Corporal's Course (Tactical Planning) questions and answers 100% correct

Corporal's Course (Tactical Planning) questions and answers 100% correct The Troop Leading Steps are Begin planning Arrange for reconnaissance and coordination Make reconnaissance and coordination Complete the planning Issue the order Supervise BAMCIS overview The troop leading steps are meant to aid leaders in making tactically sound decisions, formulating plans, coherently communicating those plans, and Turing those decisions into action. The receipt of a mission Triggers the troop leading steps Warning order is An abbreviated set of instructions to inform of an impending action The purpose of the estimate of the situation is to collect and analyze relevant information for developing, within the time limits and available information, the most effective solution to a problem. estimate of the situation normally used in solving tactical problems, it is applicable to other military activities. It's as thorough as time and circumstances permit. estimate of the situation are revised continuously as factors affecting the operation change, as new facts are recognized, as assumptions are replaced by facts or rendered invalid, or as changes to the mission are received or indicated. estimate of the situation Detailed analysis conducted before mission execution will increase the speed and accuracy of decisions as the situation changes at the point of friction. provides a logical sequence for analyzing all relevant factors METT-T analysis METT-T Mission Enemy Terrain and Weather Troops and Fire Support Time, Space and Logistics The first step in the estimate is mission analysis mission analysis is the means for the unit leader to gain an understanding of the mission When doing task analysis The unit leader must identify and understand all that is required for the successful accomplishment of the mission. This includes tasks received in the unit's task statement and coordinating instructions from the higher commander's operations order. Limitations These are restrictions on the freedom of action of the friendly force; these prohibit the commander from doing something specific. Tactical control measures, rules of engagement (ROE), and the statements, "Be prepared to...," "Not earlier than...," "On order...," are some examples of limitations. Enemny analysis is conduted to not only know what assets the enemy has, but also to understand what the enemy is doing. Enemy anaysis questions What is the enemy trying to accomplish? How will the enemy use each available element of combat power? Enemy anaysis input comes from many sources including enemy doctrine, current enemy activities indicated in higher's order, units that have previously operated in the area, and the unit's intelligence section. The information used to analyze the enemy situation includes composition, disposition, and strength capabilities and limitations SALUTE Size Activity Location Unit Time Equiptment SALTUE is used when developing and organizing composistion, disposition, and strength (analyzing the enemy situation) DRAW-D serves as a reminder of the minimum factors to be considered for the enemy analysis of their cpablilties and limitations DRAW-D Defend Reinforce Attack Withdraw Delay When analyzing the enemny's capabilities and limitations you should ask these questions: What can the enemy do? How will the enemy use each available element of combat power? When analyzing the enemny's capabilities and limitations you analyze the enemy's ability or inability to conduct various operations against your unit under any reasonably foreseeable situation. The estimate of the situation of terrain and weather must always be conducted from the friendly and enemy perspectives. Terrain Analysis analyzes the connection between the terrain and tactics while considering the military aspects of terrain. These aspects are identified in the acronym OCOKA. Terrain Analysis OCOKA Observation and Fields of Fire Cover and Concealment Obstacles Key Terrain Avenues of Approach Observation and Fields of Fire-COKA Observation is the ability to see friendly and enemy forces and key aspects of the terrain to judge strength, prevent surprise, and respond to threats. Field of fire is an area with a direct line of sight that weapons may cover/fire upon effectively from a given position. O-Cover and Concealment-OKA Cover is protection against enemy fire, both direct and from shelling. Concealment is protection from enemy observation and surveillance, including features that protect both horizontally and vertically. OC-Obstacles-KA Obstacles are natural or manmade terrain features that prevent, restrict, divert, or delay military movement. OCO-Key Terrain-A Key terrain is any ground that must be controlled to achieve military success. OCOK-Avenues of Approach Avenue of approach is any relatively unobstructed ground route that leads to an objective or key terrain. Weather Analysis is when The leader determines how the weather will affect visibility, mobility, and survivability of friendly and enemy units by considering the military aspects of weather. For visibility The leader identifies conclusions about visibility factors such as light data (begin morning nautical twilight [BMNT], sunrise [SR], sunset [SS], end evening nautical twilight [EENT], moonrise [MR], moonset [MS], and percentage of illumination), fog, and smog, and about battlefield obscurants such as smoke and dust. Winds of sufficient speed can reduce the combat effectiveness of a force as the result of blowing dust, smoke, sand, or precipitation. Windblown sand, dust, rain, or snow can reduce the effectiveness of radar and other communication systems. Strong winds can also limit aviation operations. Precipitation affects soil trafficability, visibility, and the functioning of many electro-optical systems. Cloud Cover affects ground operations by limiting illumination and the solar heating of targets. Heavy cloud cover can degrade many target acquisition systems, infrared-guided munitions, and general aviation operations. Extremes of temperature and humidity reduce personnel and equipment capabilities and may require the use of special shelter or equipment. Civil considerations (human terrain) include the influences of man-made infrastructure; civilian institutions; and the attitudes and activities of civilian leaders, populations, and organizations within an AO, with regard to the conduct of military operations. Areas Key civilian areas are localities or aspects of the terrain within an AO that have significance to the local populace. Analyzing a structure involves determining how its location, functions, and capabilities can support operations. Capabilities can refer to the ability of local authorities—those of the host nation or some other body—to provide a populace with key functions or services. Organizations are nonmilitary groups or institutions in the AO. They influence and interact with the populace and each other. People is a general term describing all nonmilitary personnel that military forces encounter in the AO. This includes those personnel outside the AO whose actions, opinions, or political influence can affect the mission. Events are routine, cyclical, planned, or spontaneous activities that significantly affect organizations, people, and military operations. Troops and Fire Support Avaliable (Estimate of the Situation) Organic Fire and support avaliable Attachments and detachments Higher and adjacent units For organic you identify the capabilities and limitations of the assets your organic unit will bring to bear on the enemy during the conduct of the mission. For fire and support avaliable Identify locations, azimuths of fire, contact information, employment (general support [GS], direct support [DS], or attached [(ATT]), and any priority of fires of indirect fire support agencies. In addition, identify any available air assets. What weapons will they bring to the fight? What are the capabilities of their fires? When and how long are they on station?. For attachments and detachments you identify Assets (if any) that will detach from your unit Units or assets that have been attached to your unit How will this affect your ability to achieve mission success? For higher and adjacent units you identify higher and adjacent units' schemes of maneuver and what influence they will have on your scheme of maneuver. Consider their effect on the following: •Geometries of fire •Reinforcement •Contingency plans Time, space, and logistics (Estimate of the Situation) is the ability to appreciate the aspects and effects of time and space is one of the most important qualities in a leader. A leader must be able to identify resource shortfalls and have a plan to rectify them. Time is A solid understanding of time required versus time available is vital to all operations; it drives planning and execution. The unit leader gets an indication of time available from the commander. •The amount of time a unit has to prepare for an operation determines the plan's level of detail. Reverse planning is the method by which leaders should establish a successful and accurate timeline that will uphold the assigned mission. •Critical times to consider include planning time, time to cross the line of departure (LD), movement time (helo, vehicular, foot-mobile, etc.; both opposed and unopposed rates of movement should be considered), defend-no-later-than time, time to receive higher's order, time to issue your order, time available to prepare and rehearse the attack or defense, and time available for reconnaissance. Space is A leader must know and understand the area of operations (AO). •Identify tactical control measures (TCM) and fire support coordination measures (FSCM) within your AO as applicable. •Consider the geometry of fires and develop a plan to de-conflict converging forces. Logistics is Logistics sustain operations. Without appropriate logistical planning, units will reach their culminating point before ever reaching a decisive point. A leader must be able to identify: •Required resources to accomplish the mission from crossing the LD through consolidation •Critical resource shortfalls •A realistic plan to fulfill shortfalls that is formulated, prioritized, and built into the timeline before departure Technique in the five paragraph order Clarity, simplicity, and timeliness are essentials of an operation order. Clear, concise sentences are most easily understood. •In the interest of simplicity, commanders and leaders at each echelon should closely evaluate and issue only those facts received from higher headquarters that are pertinent to their own subordinate unit leaders. •If possible, the leader issues the order to subordinate leaders from a vantage point overlooking the objective or on the defensive terrain. When this is not possible, they should use a terrain model or sketch. •The order must be issued in a timely fashion, sufficiently in advance of the time of execution to permit subordinate planning. •Oral orders should be delivered in positive, direct, and confident tones using forceful and aggressive language. Technique in the five paragraph order Use of the standard five-paragraph order format: •Promotes clarity and brevity •Presents information and instruction in a logical, easily assimilated manner •Serves as a checklist to help ensure that no important information has been overlooked Supervise in the five paragraph order Supervision is continuous and occurs throughout the entire combat orders process. •The unit leader for that mission is ultimately responsible and accountable for mission accomplishment. •"Inspect what you expect."