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Samenvatting thorax van het vak topografische en radiologische anatomie

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Uploaded on
April 14, 2023
Number of pages
49
Written in
2021/2022
Type
Class notes
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Topografische anatomie van de thorax

Inhoudsopgave

Algemene beschrijving thorax .......................................................................................................................... 2

Functies ............................................................................................................................................................ 5

Ademhaling ......................................................................................................................................................... 5

Bescherming van vitale organen ......................................................................................................................... 7

Doorvoer van structuren ..................................................................................................................................... 8

Aanliggende regio’s .......................................................................................................................................... 9

Halsregio ............................................................................................................................................................. 9

Bovenste lidmaat .............................................................................................................................................. 11

Borst (mamma, glandula mammaria) ............................................................................................................... 12

Abdomen ........................................................................................................................................................... 13

Specifieke karakteristieken ............................................................................................................................ 14

Niveau T4-T5 ..................................................................................................................................................... 14

Systeem-veneuze drainage naar rechts ............................................................................................................ 15

Segmentaire neurovasculaire organisatie van de thoraxwand ......................................................................... 16

Bezenuwing van het diafragma ........................................................................................................................ 19

Bespreking van de onderdelen ....................................................................................................................... 23

Thoraxwand ...................................................................................................................................................... 23

Apertura thoracalis superior ............................................................................................................................. 25

Apertura thoracalis inferior (en diaphragma) ................................................................................................... 27

Pleuraholten ...................................................................................................................................................... 29

Mediastinum ..................................................................................................................................................... 36

,Algemene beschrijving thorax




Kegel met 2 openingen
• Apertura thoracalis superior
o Kleinere bovenste opening
o Achteraan meer craniaal dan vooraan
o Thorax → hals
• Apertura thoracalis inferior
o Grotere onderste opening
o Achteraan meer caudaal dan vooraan
o Thorax → abdomen (diafragma)



Omsloten door thoraxwand

,Inhoud: thoraxholte (3 delen)
1. Linker pleuraholte
• Omgeeft linkerlong
2. Rechter pleuraholte
• Omgeeft rechterlong
3. Mediastinum tussen 1 en 2
• Bevat hart, grote vaten, slokdarm, luchtwegen en belangrijke zenuwen

, Klinische opmerkingen
• Pleura’s volledig gescheiden → pleurale aandoening mogelijks eenzijdig (soms tweezijdig)
• Pleuraholtes anterieur vrij dicht bij elkaar
o Zeker bij vergroot longvolume bv. astma, COPD door roken
o Openen sternum door middellijnincisie → pleuraholte open
• Craniale toppen pleuraholten en longen hoger dan rib I
o Aandoening in top mogelijk gevolgen in hals en omgekeerd
bv. steekwonde inn halsbasis → longlaceratie (= weefselscheuring)
bv. catheter in v subclavia → CAVE pneumothorax (= lucht tussen pleurabladen)
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