HOSA Pathophysiology Quiz with complete solutions | Latest 2023/2024- Download to score A

HOSA Pathophysiology Quiz with complete solutions | Latest 2023/2024- Download to score A Syndrome -- a concurrence of symptoms that appear in a disease state or morbid process Disease -- absence of balance of the homeostatic state that normally exists in the body Hypertrophy -- increased size of cell or organ unrelated to tumor Atrophy -- wasting of tissues, organ or the entire body Dysplasia -- tissue with cells of varying size and shape Hyperplasia -- increase number of cells Metaplasia -- one mature cell replaced by different mature cell Lesion -- circumscribed (definite area) pathologic change in the tissues Ischemia -- local anemia due to mechanical obstruction of vessel Infarction -- area of necrosis (dead tissue) resulting from local arrest or sudden insufficiency of arterial or venous blood. Inflammation -- fundamental pathologic process consisting of a dynamic complex of cytologic and histologic reactions that occur in tissues and blood vessels Malignant -- resistant to treatment, occurring in severe form and frequently fatal Systemic -- relates to entire organism as distinguished from any of its individual parts/ wide spread symptoms and destruction Etiology -- cause of disease and all factors associated with causes that lead to the development of disease Infectious disease -- bacterial or viral agent "passed" from person-to-person Heredity -- transmitted from parent to offspring Mutation -- change in genes (DNA) Developmental -- mistake made as body develops Environmental -- exposure to substance in environment Stress -- body's reactions to stimuli that disturb homeostasis Agenesis -- failure of a part to form properly Degenerative -- retrogressive pathological change in cells or tissues - deterioration in function Iatrogenic -- results from treatment of disease Neoplastic -- new growth of tissue through cellular proliferation Trauma -- injury caused by rough contact with a physical object Endemic -- refers to disease that is prevalent continually in a geographic location Pandemic -- disease that affects the population of an extensive region, larger than epidemic Pathogenesis -- Development of a disease encompassing progress of disease and symptoms; as disease progresses, changes occur in organism which are due to the disease process Self-contained -- keeps to one area and then clears up (rash) Continual -- symptoms and exacerbations are frequent Manifestations -- Display or disclosure of characteristics signs or symptoms of an illness; allow diagnosis to occur Signs -- objective things like fever; observed by someone other than patient; measurable Symptoms -- notable; subjective; felt by patient but cannot be noted by observer Presentation -- what shows on the patient when ill with particular disease Diagnosis -- Determining the nature of disease,Giving it a name Prognosis -- Forecast of the outcome of a disease; foretelling the course of a disease which follows a probable pattern Remission -- lessening of severity of symptoms Exacerbation -- increase in severity of symptom Relapse -- return of the disease after it has spent its signs or symptoms Complication -- event occurring during a disease which is not an essential part o the disease although it may result from it or from independent causes Sequela -- potential unwanted outcomes of the primary condition Pathology -- the scientific study of disease; objective description of traits, causes, and effects of abnormal conditions homeostasis -- a state of equilibrium within the body; internal stability syndrome -- a defined collection of signs & symptoms that characterize a disease or disorder acute -- an abrupt onset of symptoms that run a brief course (less than 6 months) that resolve in recovery or death chronic -- when a disease develops slowly, or is intermittent, and lasts longer than 6 months Predisposing Factors -- aka-risk factors; make a person/group more vulnerable to disease; include age, gender, lifestyle, environment and heredity Acute Inflammation -- a normal protective physiologic response to tissue injury & disease, is accompanied by redness, swelling, pain, & loss of function Widespread Inflammation -- marked by systemic symptoms, such as fever, malaise, and loss of appetite; elevated wbc's elevated erythrocyte sedimentation rate -- ESR C-reactive protein (CRP) -- a blood test marker used to detect inflammatory disorders, among other pathologies ischemia -- holding back/obstructing the flow of blood exudative response/inflammation exudate -- attempts to wall off, or destroy, and digest bacteria and dead/foreign material; this in tissues causes swelling and the excess fluid puts pressure on tissue and nerve endings, causing pain. phagocytic -- the process in which cells surround and digest certain particles