AACN PCCN Practice Test correctly answered 2023

AACN PCCN Practice Test correctly answered 2023who is at risk for MDRO infection - correct answer patients with severe disease, including compromised host defenses from underlying medical conditions, recent surgery, or indwelling medical devices (ex: foleys or ET tubes) what are classic signs of cardiac tamponade? - correct answer hypotension, narrowing pulse pressure, tachycardia with weak, thready pulse, and tachypnea what arrhythmia is mitral valve insufficiency associated with? - correct answer afib what defines oliguira? - correct answer less than 500 ml of output per day what does renal failure result in? - correct answer acidosis what type of HF are patients with OSA at risk for? - correct answer right-sided HF what is one of the hallmark features of pancreatitis? - correct answer dehydration what is treatment for pancreatitis? - correct answer hydration, maintenance of electrolyte balance, nutritional support what is unstable angina characterized by? - correct answer new onset pain or increase in frequency/duration of pain. pain generally lasts 15-30 minutes. may be experienced at low exertion or rest and pain tends not to respond to SL nitro. symptoms may be accompanied by diaphoresis or dyspnea. what is stable angina characterized by? - correct answer pain on exertion or stress that is relieved by rest or SL Nitro. pain generally does not increase in severity over time what characterizes an acute MI? - correct answer constant, severe pain and may be accompanied by nausea, weakness, fatigue, anxiety. not relieved with rest, duration exceeds 30 minutes. what are characteristics of dissection aortic aneurysm? - correct answer pain is severe and unrelenting, commonly experienced in chest/abdomen and radiates to the back. pain does not improve spontaneously. what procedure is most appropriate for obtaining heart pressure measurements and diagnosing pulmonary HTN? - correct answer right sided heart cath what is the best noninvasive test for pulmonary HTN? - correct answer transthoracic echocardiogram what is a reasonable goal for the first day Blood Pressure in a stroke patient? - correct answer lower by 15-20% in the first day what may improve the prognosis of patients with stroke? - correct answer lowering body temp what are the causes of afib in post-cardiac surgery patients? - correct answer advanced age, pre-existing medical or cardiac conditions, electrolyte abnormalities, conduction disturbances that wil likely resolve, and pre-existing atrial or valve conditions that contribute to the development of this arrythmia what is a life threatening condition that most commonly occurs with renal dysfunction? - correct answer hyperkalemia what medication is contraindicated in RV infarct? - correct answer nitro bc it will reduce preload, and patients with RV infarct are preload dependent what are the manifestations of hepatic encephalopathy? - correct answer changes in mental state, behavior, personality, decreased self-care ability, deterioration of handwriting, or loss of other small movements, and asterixis ("liver flaps") what are the manifestations of cerebral edema? - correct answer decreased LOC, bradycardia, HTN, bradypnea, posturing, unequal pupils, decreased pupillary reaction to light what are impending delirium tremens manifested by? - correct answer tremors, irritability, n/v, hallucinations (auditory, visual, or olfactory), confusion, delusions, and severe agitation what is impending azotemia manifested by? - correct answer tachycardia, hypotension, and signs of dehydration what is hyponatremia associated with? - correct answer SIADH what are neuro complications of hyponatremia? - correct answer HA, nausea, vomiting, lethargy, coma, seizure what is common with sepsis ? - correct answer DIC what is common in patients with DIC? - correct answer jaundice due to increased bilirubin production secondary to hemolysis