NURS 180 Pharmacology Midterm Study Guide

NURS 180 Pharmacology Midterm Study Guide▪ Omeprazole Proton Pump Inhibitor o Decreases production on acids o Treats: GERD, Zollinger-Ellison syndrome, NSAID ulcers, stress ulcers, H. Pylori ulcers, erosive esophagitis o H. pylori treatment: Omeprazole, clarithromycin, and amoxicillin o Side Effects: Headache, Dizziness, Diarrhea, abdominal pain, and rash. o Chronic use: Osteoporosis o Interactions: Digoxin, oral anticoagulants, certain benzodiazepines and phenytoin. ■ Nursing Implications o The granules of pantoprazole capsules may be given via nasogastric (NG) tubes, but the NG tube must be at least 16 gauge, or the tube may become clogged o Capsule contents may be opened and mixed with apple juice, but do not chew or crush delayed-release granules ▪ Psyllium Mucilloid (Metamucil) o Nondigestible and nonabsorbent sub o Becomes a viscous solution when mixed with water. o Excreted in the feces. o Onset 12-72 hours- peak 1-3 days. o Side Effects: Not systemically absorbed – no systemic effect. o Overuse: Nausea, vomiting, flactus, or diarrhea. Abdominal cramps if not diluted. ▪ Vitamin B9 (Folic Acid) o R/T ETOH, poor diet, folic acid antagonists (methotrexate, triamterene, trimethoprim) o Symptoms of deficiency- Anorexia, nausea, stomatitis, diarrhea, fatigue, alopecia, and blood dyscrasias (megaloblastic anemia, leukopenia, thrombocytopenia). o Needed during pregnancy to decrease neural tube defects. ▪ Vitamin B12 o Absorbed by intrinsic factors. o Helps hematopoiesis. o Pernicious anemia o Symptoms – BLEs paresthesia weakness, memory loss, mood changes, dementia, psychosis ▪ Vitamin D (Calciferol) o Deficiency associated with bone diseases. o Patient needs to be in the sun.