bio simutext genetic drift with complete solutions

sampling error the chance occurrence b/t the frequency of an allele, trait, or gene in a large population vs the frequency in a smaller population founder effect sampling error in the establishment of a new population of organisms 00:34 01:28 in the small populations of ferrets, the frequency of S is either fixed or lost, deviates from 0 to 1 in a larger sample, the frequency of it and the frequency of the allele in the whole population very similar small populations are more susceptible to sampling error genetic drift change in allele frequencies across generations due to sampling error: random natural selection alleles rise or fall in frequency because they endow individuals that carry them w inferior or superior ability to survive and reproduce the rate of allele frequency change is faster in smaller population high frequency of allele has a higher probability of being fixed lower frequency of allele has a higher probability of being lost sewall wright hypothesis in a population evolving by genetic drift, an allele's probability of eventually reaching fixation is equal to allele's current frequency average heterozygosity = H(g+1) = H(g)(1-1/2N) 00:00 01:28 random mating takes a long time to lose heterozygosity nonrandom mating rapid loss of heterozygosity effective population size size of an idealized popualtion that loses heterozygosity at the same rate as the actual population related parents are more likely to produce homozygous offspring than unrelated parents loss of heterozygosity occurs when - skewed sex ratio - nonrandom mating - interbreeding