Chapter 19: Preschool ChildEdelman: Health Promotion Throughout the Life Span, 9th Edition

Chapter 19: Preschool ChildEdelman: Health Promotion Throughout the Life Span, 9th EditionMULTIPLE CHOICE 1. The nurse is about to administer prescribed medication to a 4 year old. The medication is renally excreted. Which of the following statements is correct concerning this scenario? a. The dosage reflects the status that kidneys are not fully matured until after age 5. b. The dosage reflects the status that kidneys have reached full maturity. c. The dosage reflects the status that kidneys are hyperactive from birth to age 5. d. Renally excreted meds are contraindicated for children under 5 years. The nurse needs to call the physician for clarification. ANS: B Kidneys reach full maturity by the end of infancy and early toddler years. As a result, medications that are renally excreted can be given at the recommended doses. DIF: Cognitive Level: Analyze (Analysis) REF: p. 471 2. A nurse is discussing genetic disorders with a local community group. Which of the following statements would the nurse make during the presentation? a. Down syndrome is most likely to appear during the preschool years. b. Hemophilia is most likely to appear during the preschool years. c. Cystic fibrosis is most likely to appear during the preschool years. d. Multiple sclerosis is most likely to appear during the preschool years. ANS: C NURSINGTB.COM The genetic problems most likely to appear during the preschool years are cystic fibrosis, Duchenne muscular dystrophy, fragile X syndrome, Williams syndrome, and autism. DIF: Cognitive Level: Apply (Application) REF: p. 472 3. A mother comments to the school nurse that her child has poor hygiene habits and asks the nurse for suggestions as to how to teach her child to improve on his hygiene. Which of the following recommendations would the nurse give the mother? a. Have him learn it at school. b. Model the behavior at home. c. Lecture him about hygiene. d. Punish him when he forgets to brush his teeth. ANS: B Although preschoolers are not completely responsible for their own health management, they certainly contribute by brushing their teeth, taking medication, wearing appropriate clothing for inclement weather, and performing other actions. Reinforcement of health-promotion activities, which occurs in the home and child care environments, helps to instill behaviors that affect self-esteem, safety, and an individual’s overall balance with life. For example, family support for active lifestyles provides one way for parents to assume a positive role to model for children. The best way for a parent to teach a child good hygiene is to model the behavior at home. Reinforcement of health-promotion activities helps to instill behaviors. Additionally, preschoolers like to imitate adults. DIF: Cognitive Level: Apply (Application) REF: p. 474 4. A 5-year-old is consuming a daily caloric intake of 1400 calories. Approximately what portion of the diet should be comprised of carbohydrates? a. 300 calories b. 700 calories c. 900 calories d. 1200 calories ANS: B Preschoolers should consume approximately half of their diet in carbohydrates. Children aged 3 to 5 years old should receive 1200 to 1600 calories per day depending on their activity level and gender. DIF: Cognitive Level: Apply (Application) REF: p. 474 5. A nurse is determining caloric needs for a preschooler who weighs 18 kg. Which of the following represents the daily caloric needs for this child? a. 1360 calories b. 1540 calories c. 1620 calories d. 1800 calories ANS: C NURSINGTB.COM The approximate number of calories required by an 18-kg preschooler is 1620. Preschoolers need approximately 90 kcal/kg of body weight per day for health maintenance, activity, and growth. DIF: Cognitive Level: Apply (Application) REF: p. 474 6. Which of the following foods will a 5-year-old child need help eating? a. Pudding b. Macaroni and cheese c. Chicken d. Jelly sandwich ANS: C The preschooler will need help with the chicken. In the later preschool years, most children need help cutting meats. DIF: Cognitive Level: Apply (Application) REF: p. 476 7. A 2-year-old child has hives. Of the following items ingested, which is most likely to have caused the allergic reaction? a. Apple juice b. Oatmeal–peanut cookies c. Jelly sandwich d. Banana