NUR 4120 Burn Injury notes exam 03.

NUR 4120 Burn Injury notes exam 03.1) Statistics a) 450,000 people treated for burns annually b) 25,000 admitted to hospitals with burn centers i) 44%: flame related ii) 33% scald injuries iii) 4% electrical (1) lightning iv) 3% chemical v) 1% inhalation only 2) Predictors for Mortality a) Increased percent of TBSA burned b) Presence of inhalation injury c) Increased age 3) Severity of Burn a) Determined by i) Age of patient (1) very young and old ii) Depth of burn iii) Amount of surface area burned iv) Presence of inhalation injury v) Presence of other injuries vi) Location of injury: (1) Face Eyes and ears - Disability (2) perineum,  infection because of elimination (3) hands/feet  Disability vii) Past medical history 4) Functions of Skin a) Protects against infection b) Prevents loss of body fluids c) Controls body temperature d) Functions as sensory organ 5) Layers of Injury a) Epidermis b) Dermis c) Subcutaneous d) Muscles e) Bone 6) Classification of Burn Injury a) Treatment of burn related to severity of injury: i) Depth of burn ii) Extent of burn (TBSA) 7) Depth of Burn a) Classified according to depth of tissue destruction i) How did the injury occur? (flame, scald) ii) Temperature and duration of contact with causative agent iii) Thickness of skin b) First Degree (Superficial) c) Second Degree (Partial thickness) d) Third Degree (Full thickness) e) Fourth Degree (Full thickness that includes fat, fascia, muscle and/or bone) 8) First Degree NO BLISTERS a) Causes i) Sunburn ii) Low-intensity flash iii) Superficial scald b) Skin involved i) Epidermis ii) Portion of dermis c) Clinical Manifestations i) Tingling ii) Hyperesthesia (hypersensitivity) iii) Pain soothed by cooling iv) Peeling v) Itching as it heals (1) Aloe d) Wound Appearance i) Reddened, dry ii) Blanches with pressure iii) Minimal or nor edema e) Recuperative Course and Treatment i) Complete recovery within a few days ii) Oral pain medications, cool compress, skin lubricants, topical antimicrobial agents NOT indicated