CSET Spanish Subtest 2 Exam with 100% Correct Answers 2023

Pre-columbian literature - Correct Answer-Before conquest, primarily oral and codices, Some beliefs recorded by European colonizers (ex Popol Vuh) Cantar el Mio Cid - Correct Answer-Epic poem, 1140ish, real man—his battles, conquests, and daily life fighting in the Reconquista, nothing exaggerated, real geography, 3 cantos Alfonso X El Sabio - Correct Answer-Rey de Castilla y León in 1200s. Big on learning. Tradujo los antiguos textos clásicos al español. Poeta. Father of Spanish prose Mester de clerecía (definition) - Correct Answer-1300s (Medieval), poems written on paper, not anonymous, with regular meter, and done by educated authors. Serious topics: religious, historical and novelesque Mester de juglaría (definition) - Correct Answer-1300s (Medieval) Poems written by minstrels. No set form, use assonance instead of rhyme and were recited to uneducated audiences. Mester de clerecía (obra) - Correct Answer-El Libro del Buen Amor, Juan Ruiz, 1300s, love adventures of JR (moral and comical) Colonial literature (years, def, authors) - Correct Answer-During colonization of new world (late s), accounts of conquest, El Inca Garcilaso de la Vega (Peru), Bartolomé de las Casas libros de caballerías - Correct Answer-Amadís de Gaula, Tirante el Blanco y Palmerín de Inglaterra 1492 - Correct Answer-End of Reconquista Colon's first arrival to Americas Publication of Antonio Nebrija's "Gramática de la lengua castellana", Start of Siglo de Oro El Siglo de Oro (years, definition) - Correct Answer-, Spain is a superpower, colonialism, enormous contributions to humanities (Velázquez, Cervantes, etc), spans most of Renaissance and Barroque periods La Celestina - Correct Answer-1499, Comedia de Calisto y Melibea, novel but written as a continuous series of dialogues, Bachelor, Calisto, uses the old procuress Celestina to start an affair with Melibea, an unmarried girl kept in seclusion. They use the rhetoric of courtly love, but sex is their aim. He dies in accident, she commits suicide. Celestina = "procuress" & an older woman used to further an illicit affair El Siglo de Oro (artists & styles) - Correct Answer-Late Renaissance, early Barroque, El Greco, Diego Velázquez (retratos con un enfoque realista que no descuidaba la emoción), Murillo (religious) El Siglo de Oro (arquitectura) - Correct Answer-La Plaza Mayor de Madrid, El Escorial, Catedral de Granada El Siglo de Oro (poesía/teatro) - Correct Answer-Góngora, Quevedo, Lope de Vega (poeta y dramaturgo), Calderón de la Barca (teatro after Lope) Lazarillo de Tormes (year, importance, themes) - Correct Answer-1554, 1st picaresque novel, anónima, realista, crítica moral y de costumbres, sociedad medieval --> renacimiento Francisco de Quevedo - Correct Answer-, Conceptismo: Concerned primarily with the stripping off of appearances in a witty manner, best expression in the satirical essay, an obscurely allusive style characterized by ambiguous metaphors and puns, rapid rhythm, directness, simple vocabulary, witty metaphors, and wordplay Luis de Góngora - Correct Answer-, Culturanismo: attempt to elevate poetry by re-latinizing it, characterized by an ornamental, ostentatious vocabulary and a message that is complicated by a heavy use of metaphors, classical allusions, and complex syntactical order Sor Juana de la Cruz - Correct Answer- (Mex colonial period) La cumbre de la poesía mística, Barroque, Themes: love, feminism, religion, criticism of misogyny and the hypocrisy of men, Culturanismo (Góngora) Picaresque - Correct Answer-Prose fiction Adventures of a roguish hero low social class lives by his wits corrupt society Spanish Enlightenment (La Ilustración) - Correct Answer-Extension of Renaissance, 1700s-1800s (satire then later emphasis expression of emotion influenced by Locke and French One Romanticism (years, definition) - Correct Answer-s, rompe con los esquemas establecidos. Crear obras menos perfectas y menos regulares, pero más profundas e íntimas. Misterio y sentimiento - "la libertad en todos los aspectos de la vida." Romanticism (themes) - Correct Answer-rejection of strict rules of neoclassicism, society's rules & realidad attraction of the nocturnal and mysterious, Enfoque en las emociones, Aprecio de la naturaleza (poderosa y amenazadora), Liberalismo político, Búsqueda de lo ideal, Muerte y suicidio Romanticism (authors & obras) - Correct Answer-Gustavo Adolfo Bécquer (Rimas, Leyendas - El Beso, El Alacrán de Fray Gomez, El Monte de Ánimas), Duque de Rivas (teatro, Don Álvaro o la fuerza del sino), José de Espronceda (poet, El Diablo Mundo, El Estudiante de Salamanca) Costumbrismo - Correct Answer-contemporary life, largely from the point of view of the "common" people, and expressed itself in pure, correct language (transition from Romanticism to Realism) Emília Pardo Bazán Realism (years, definition) - Correct Answer-Late 1800s, quick movimiento las artes reflejan la realidad individual y social, una reproducción fiel y exacta de la realidad. Rechazo de lo trascendental y sentimental del Romanticismo Pardo Bazán, Pérez Galdos Realism (authors) - Correct Answer-Emilia Pardo Bazán (costumbrismo), Benito Perez Galdós Modernism (years, definition) - Correct Answer-, Escapism (after disaster 98), el rechazo de la realidad cotidiana, huir en el tiempo (evoca épocas pasadas y mejores) Huir en el espacio (muchos de los poemas se desarrollan en lugares exóticos y lejanos). ambigua rebeldía creativa Modernism (people) - Correct Answer-Rubén Darío (first), Miguel de Unamuno, Gaudí, José Martí, Horacio Quiroga, Gabriela Mistral Rubén Darío - Correct Answer-Moderism, Nicaragua, poet, Cantos de Vida y Esperanza, concerns about American imperialism (Oda a Roosevelt) and experimental style (experiments with rhythm, meter, and imagery, simple, direct language) Miguel de Unamuno - Correct Answer-Modernism, Spain (opposed Primo de Rivera, exiled to France), essayist, novelist, poet. Existentialist who concerned himself largely with the tension between intellect and emotion, faith and reason. Theme: need to preserve one's personal integrity in the face of social conformity, fanaticism, and hypocrisy José Martí - Correct Answer-Cuba, symbol of Cuba's struggle for independence from Spain, wrote essays and poetry, critical of Spain and US colonialism/imperialism and in favor of LA freedom, opposed slavery, very political Horacio Quiroga - Correct Answer-Modernism, Uruguay, nature, often tinged with horror, disease, insanity and human suffering (influenced by Darío and Poe) Generación del '98 - Correct Answer-Un grupo de escritores, ensayistas y poetas españoles profundamente afectados por la crisis moral, política y social aen España por la derrota militar en la Guerra Hispano-Estadounidense y la consiguiente pérdida de Puerto Rico, Guam, Cuba y las Filipinas Generación del 27 (years, definition) - Correct Answer-Influential group of poets that arose in Spanish literary circles experience and work with avant-garde forms of art and poetry celebrating 300th anniversary of the death Góngora, influenced by Vanguardism (surrealism, cubism, rejecting rules, employing beauty and sentiment), influenced by Spanish Civil War Generación del 27 (people/obras) - Correct Answer-Dalí, Federico García Lorca (executed by nationalist during Civil War, Romancero Gitano), Pablo Neruda, Julia de Burgos Pablo Neruda - Correct Answer-, Chile, poeta y diplomat, Viente Poemas de amor, leftist, Nobel Prize, Themes: nature, love, Movement: Surrealism/Ultraism (with Borges, experimentation) Gabriela Mistral - Correct Answer-, Chile, teacher & poet, champion of the marginalized (children, women, poor), defended freedoms of democracy; and the need for peace in times of social, political, and ideological conflicts, Themes: love, maternity, remembering death, childhood, Siglo Xterm-42X (modernist) Julia de Burgos - Correct Answer-, Puerto Rico, Siglo XX, poeta, advocate for PR independence Themes: feminism and social justice El Boom Authors - Correct Answer-Carlos Fuentes, Gabriel García Márquez, Cortázar, Vargas Llosa El Boom Themes - Correct Answer-Mixture of fantastic and reality, time as nonlinear, more than one perspective or narrative voice, rural and urban settings, internationalism, the historical and the political Vargas Llosa - Correct Answer-1936-, Perú, Boom novelist & writer, Nobel Prize structures of power individual's resistance, revolt, and defeat, critical of nationalism, historical material as well as his own personal experiences Ana Maria Matute - Correct Answer-, Spain, Posguerra, Themes: sympathetic treatment of the lives of children and adolescents, their feelings of betrayal and isolation, & their rites of passage. Interjected myth, fairy tale, the supernatural, and fantasy. Outspoken about benefits of emotional suffering, constant changing of a human being, and how innocence is never completely lost Juan Rulfo - Correct Answer-Mexico, cuentista, Last author of Mex Revolution, Themes: the violence of the rural environment and the moral stagnation of its people. First to use new narrative techniques later incorporated Latin American new novel (stream of consciousness, flashbacks, and shifting points of view) Alejo Carpentier - Correct Answer-, Cuba, Boom, jailed & exiled leftist political philosophies (supported Castro), Themes: music, Afro-Cubanism, magical realism, influenced by surrealism El Boom - Correct Answer-1960s and 70s. Work of multiple important writers (Marquez, Vargas Llosa, Fuentes, Cortazar) influenced by modernism and Vanguardism, challenged the established conventions of LA literature, experimental and political, Boom literature breaks down the barriers between the fantastical and the mundane, transforming this mixture into a new reality (magical realism) Key industries in Mexico - Correct Answer-Agriculture Industry Tourism Mining la epífora - Correct Answer-The repetition of the same word or words at the end of successive phrases, clauses or sentences. polysyndeton - Correct Answer-Using several coordinating conjunctions (usually and/or) are used in succession in order to achieve an artistic effect Ex: We have ships and men and money and stores. asyndeton - Correct Answer-the words in a list are separated by commas, and no conjunctions are used to join the words in a list Ex: Jane's days became a blur of meaningless events - wake up, brush teeth, make the coffee, get the mail, fix dinner, watch TV... Alegoria - Correct Answer-a story, poem, or picture that can be interpreted to reveal a hidden meaning, typically a moral or political one Arte menor - Correct Answer-Verses of 8 or less syllables Estribillo - Correct Answer-Repeticion de palabras como el coro verso libre - Correct Answer-Poetry that does not rhyme or have a regular meter retruécano - Correct Answer-repetir una frase en sentido inverso para enfatizar una idea o invitar la reflexión al producir un efecto de contraste o antítesis Ex: Trabajar para vivir, no vivir para trabajar Hay grandes libros en el mundo, y grandes mundos en los libros la marinera - Correct Answer-A popular Peruvian dance that is danced accompanied by clapping/applause. The dresses vary only slightly from those used in flamenco. alejandrino - Correct Answer-Verso de 14 silabas Verso blanco - Correct Answer-Poetry with loose rhyme structure. Verso suelto la fábula - Correct Answer-Animales o cosas viven y actúan como lo hacen los humanos. oda - Correct Answer-A lyric poe