TExES History 7-12 (233) Questions and Answers 100% Pass

TExES History 7-12 (233) Questions and Answers 100% Pass Mandate of Heaven In ancient China, this provided divine sanction for an emperor's right to rule. Establishing a code of conduct for emperors. Those who behaved immorally or exercised their power in a tyrannical manner lost their right to rule and could be removed through revolution. (competency 001) The Treaty of Guadalupe Hidalgo Document that officially ended the Mexican-American War () in 1848, establishing the Rio Grande as the southern border of Texas. (competency 017) Republican Ideology American revolutionaries believed that government should be based on the consent of the governed. (competency 009) Elizabeth Cady Stanton From the Seneca Falls Convention of 1848 until her death in 1902, this woman was at the forefront of every major initiative to expand the civic and legal rights of women. She wrote the Declaration of Sentiments. (competency 012) The Punic Wars Fought between the Roman Republic and Carthage from 264-146 B.C. A total of three wars but best known for the Second and ultimate third. During the Second, Hannibal crossed the Alps and invaded Italy from the north before being forced back to North Africa. During the third and final war, Rome destroyed the city of Carthage itself. Resulting in Rome gaining uncontested hegemony over the western Mediterranean. (competency 001) The Inca Empire During the early 15th and 16th centuries, this South American civilization was best known for its far-reaching and elaborate system of paved roads. Originally developed to assist soldiers in moving through this empire's mountainous terrain, these roads became pivotal for commercial function as well as developing a cohesive political and cultural aspects across its vast territories and and ethnic groups. (competency 007) mit'a Labor obligations imposed by Inca rulers on their subjects to maintain its system of paved roads. (competency 007) quipu Method of long-distance communication used by the Inca. They did not have a fully developed written language, so a system of knots in string in cotton was used by messengers to communicate between individuals. (competency 007) Mesopotamia This ancient civilization had little to no natural barriers protecting it from neighboring invaders, therefore they experienced frequent invasions that often resulted in the conquest or collapse of existing states. (competency 005) Islam During the period circa A.D. this religious belief was widely spread primarily by trade throughout Southeast Asia. (competency 005) Silver Ming Emporer Yongle initiated a policy of currency reform to phase out paper money due to inflation. The increased demand for this substance increased in Ming China in the mid-1400s. The predominant importer was Japan until the mid-16th century when the newly opened Spanish mines in Potosi and Zacatecas discovered vast deposits and began shipping it across the Pacific. This ultimately had a profound effect on the world economy, as it increased Europe's overall long-distance trade and greatly stimulated the consumption of luxury items. (competency 007) Yuan (Mongol) Dynasty Established a practice of issuing paper money and copper coins as the primary means of exchange in China prior to the mid-1400s. (competency 007) Enlightenment "Social and political problems can be solved through the application of reason to practices and institutions," was a position held by most during this particular time in history. ( B.C.) (competency 004) Taiping Rebellion A movement led by the messianic figure of Hong Xiuquan. This movement promised its followers a combination of heterodox quasi-Christian theology and communal or communist-like reforms, including an official ban on the private ownership of land and a promise of radical redistribution of agricultural land. () (competency 004) Mexican Revolution This movement was ultimately launched by peasant land-hunger and dissatisfaction with high rates of indebtedness and abuse at the hands of large landowners. These major contributing factors led to the events that brought down the Porfirio Di