TX PACT: Essential Academic Skills 700 (Subtest II: Writing - 702) Questions and Answers 100% Pass

TX PACT: Essential Academic Skills 700 (Subtest II: Writing - 702) Questions and Answers 100% Pass types of organization Chronological, Cause-Effect, Narrative, Spatial, Topical, Ascending-Descending, Comparison-Contrast types of organization (also known as text structures or rhetorical patterns) Sequential order an orderly progression of events, ideas, or steps ex. first, second, third, before, next, finally Chronological order an orderly progression of events based in time ex. same as sequential order transition words, plus the use of actual dates Order of importance an arrangement with the most important claim at the top or bottom (most important to least important, or least important to most important) ex. main, key, primary, significant, finally, most importantly Spatial order an arrangement of ideas related to physical space ex. behind, next to, in front of, or any words that indicate position Cause and Effect an event is described, followed by the outcomes or possible outcomes ex. if...then, because, as a result, in order to, leads to, therefore Problem and Solution the author presents a problem and possible solution ex. similar to cause and effect signal words, plus use of words like steps involved, issue, and actual problem and solution themselves ex. As a result, because, so that Claim and Refutation arguing against a statement, fact, or claim ex. certainly, one cannot deny, at the same time, nevertheless, however, on the other hand Compare and Contrast provides similarities and differences about two or more ideas ex. similarly, likewise, as well as, on the other hand, but, however, instead Sequential order an orderly progression of events, ideas, or steps ex. Did the author explain a process? Chronological order an orderly progression of events based in time ex. Did the author walk through a particular a period in history? Order of importance an arrangement with the most important claim at the top or bottom ex. Did the author use terms like "most importantly" near the top or bottom? Spatial order an arrangement of ideas related to physical space ex. Did the author keep ideas together based on geography? Cause and effect an event is described, followed by the possible outcomes ex. Did the author explain what would happen after X occurred? Problem and solution Did the author pose a problem and then provide answers? Claim and Refutation arguing against a statement, fact, or claim. ex. Did the author provide a statement, use "however" or "in fact," and then provide counter-arguments? Compare and contrast provides similarities and differences about two ideas Compare and contrast ex. Did the author create one paragraph of pros and one of cons? ex. Did the author create one paragraph of similarities and one of differences? ex. Did the author provide two very different ideas or characters? Controversial a statement that goes against the accepted societal view. Criticism the author's opinion about an idea or topic. Generalization an overarching statement made about a topic. Definition how a word or concept is defined or explained. Comparison points made to show a similarity between two topics. Summary the author provides a recap of an idea, often at the end of the passage. thesis statement a statement included in the introduction of a paper which makes a specific claim and provides a preview as to what will follow in the paper ex. A science student writes the following thesis statement in response to the question, "Is global warming a problem?" "Environmentalists agree that global climate change is an issue that needs to be addressed immediately." Sequence/Chronological writing is organized based on time or space. ex. First, second, third, next, finally Descriptive writing focuses on completely describing one item or event.