PTCB EXAM QUESTIONS AND ANSWERS WITH COMPLETE SOLUTIONS

PTCB EXAM QUESTIONS AND ANSWERS WITH COMPLETE SOLUTIONS The directions for use for Timoptic is 2 gtts os bid. What is the meaning of os? left eye What is the Latin abbreviation for "after meals"? pc An order reads "Tylenol 325mg pr q 4 h prn". What dosage form should be dispensed? suppositories A pharmacy technician repacks bulk solid dosage forms into unit dosed packages. What expiration date will appear on the package? 50% of labeled expiration date to a maximum of 1 year The expiration date on a bottle of Cipro 500mg tablets states 4/09. When does this drug expire? midnight 4/30/09 A physician prescribes Ceclor 375mg po bid. What is wrong with this prescription? the Rx lacks a duration of therapy Which dosage form is formulated to dissolve in the intestine rather than the stomach? enteric-coated What is the term for the process by which substances are taken up and transported to the bloodstream? absorption What is "room temperature" 15-30 degrees Centigrade The process whereby a drug is transformed by the liver is referred to as; metabolism A patient enters the pharmacy complaining of persistent heartburn. The pharmacy technician should: tell the patient to speak to the pharmacist Which of the following duties may a pharmacy technician not do? enter a prescription data into the computer call the wholesaler for a drug order affix a drug label to a prescription container accept a verbal medication order from a physician accept a verbal medication order from a physician The directions for use of a medication are " ii gtts au q 4 h x 5d". What is au? in both ears The dispensing label on an outpatient pharmacy prescription requires: legal name of pharmacy and address The NDC on a medication bottle refers to the: -manufacturer -drug product -quantity packaged What dosage form is formulated to mask an objectionable taste of a medication? film-coated tablets What dosage forms has the highest concentration of alcohol in its formulation? a tincture Which of the following is NOT required on a unit-dosed packaged drug? -expiration date -lot # -storage requirements -strength of medication storage requirements Nonprescription drugs should not be included in the patient profile. a) true b) false false Amoxicillin oral suspension is stable in a refrigerator for how many days after reconstitution? 14 Which drug is likely to cause a photosensitivity reaction? a) Biaxin b) penicillin c) Cipro d) tetracycline tetracycline The abbreviation 'PCN" means what? penicillin Which of the following 2 drug classes have cross sensitivity? a) tetracycline and penicillin b) penicillin and erythromycin e) erythromycin and penicillin d) penicillin and cephalosporin penicillin and cephalosporin What is the storage requirement for reconstituted amoxicillin 250 mg/ 5ml? 36 to 46 degrees F Translate the following: a. Gtt ii o.u. q 4 h prn b. M. ft ung c. tsp i q 4 h or 5 h prn itching a) Place 2 drops into both eyes every 4 hours as needed b) Mix and make an ointment c) Take one teaspoonful by mouth every 4 to 5 hours as needed for itch How many times can an unscheduled prescription be refilled on a PRN prescription order? as needed for one year What schedule are the following drug products? Vicodin ______ Valium ______ Codeine _____ Lomotil ______ Vicodin __3___ Valium __4___ Codeine __2__ Lomotil __5__ Acetaminophen possesses all of the following except a) analgesic b) anti-inflammatory c) antipyretic anti-inflammatory How does activated charcoal work in an overdose? absorbs the poison The dose of syrup of ipecac for children is_____ 15 ml The normal dose of fexofenadine is: 60 mg bid The highest strength of Demerol is: 100 mg List 3 known routes of transmission of HIV infections -bodily fluids -blood transfusions -mom to fetus Medication class of Provera? progestin Estraderm is available in which dosage form? patch Pseudoephedrine, a common ingredient in cold preparations, is contraindicated in which of the following disease states? a) hypertension b) asthma c) constipation d) cancer hypertension Which of the following drugs is a benzodiazepine? Fiorinal b) Percodan c) Demerol d) Klonopin Klonopin What drug is used to treat dyspepsia (ulcers)? Pepcid A patient hands you an empty vial of Ritalin and asks for the Rx to be refilled. What should you do? tell the patient that the medicine is not refillable Which of the following drugs is not an OTC product? a) Advil b) Nuperin c) Ibuprofen 400mg d) Tylenol suppositories Ibuprofen 400mg Which of the following drugs is used in chest pain? a) meperidine b) diltiazem c) nitroglycerin d) piroxicam nitroglycerin Codeine, meperidine and oxycodone all belong to which controlled schedule? II What is "Syrup of Ipecac" indicated for? to induce vomiting Which of the following drugs is not a laxative? a) Dulcolax b) Metamucil c) Imodium d) Colace Imodium A patient on warfarin therapy should never take which of the following medications? a) Percocet b) Tylenol c) Demerol d) Percodan Percodan Which of the following is a Scheduled IV controlled substance? a) Lomotil b) Xanax c) Demerol d) Haldol Xanax Heparin belongs to which pharmacological category? anticoagulant Which of the following medications is an anticonvulsant? a) atenolol b) dextromethorphan c) carbamazepine d) isoxsuprine carbamazepine Terbutaline belongs to which drug classification? a) antineoplastic b) anticonvulsant c) bronchodilator bronchodilator The joint action of drugs in which their combined effect is more intense or longer in duration than the sum of their individual effects is: synergism The most used drug for parkinsonism is Sinemet The exact amount of a drug administered to get a specific response is the dose When dispensing an antidepressant; the patient should be informed that it may take as long as two weeks before the drug is effective Which drug has a loading dose as part of the regimen? a) Macrodantin b) Zithromax c) Cipro d) Doxycycline Zithromax Treatment for migraine is most effective if initiated early in the attack Expectorants are used in lung disease to stimulate respiratory secretions and break up mucus Which drugs listed should be taken on an empty stomach a) tetracycline b) NSAIDS c) Dilantin d) all of the above tetracycline Which B vitamins need to be given IM? B12 The nitro patch should not be worn 24 hours a day in order to avoid tolerance Which OTC lowers cholesterol and can cause a flushing reaction? niacin The technician should check for which drugs in the profile if the patient is on a potassium supplement? -ACE inhibitors -Dyazide -Maxzide Nitroglycerin may be stored in all of the listed except a) an amber glass bottle b) prescription bottles c) original container d) none of the above prescription bottles Why are diuretics commonly used in congestive heart failure? to decrease the amount of fluid in the body by increasing urination All of the following belong to the class of drugs known as ACE inhibitors except a) captopril b) digoxin c) enalapril d) ramipril digoxin Most superpotent topical steroids have restrictions limiting their use to 2 weeks; 40-50 grams in one week The NSAID most frequently used to treat gout is indomethacin Which urinary analgesic will turn urine orange? Pyridium Which drug reduces blood pressure and grows hair? a) Inderal b) Catapress c) Loniten d) Aldomet Loniten (minoxidil) Which drug dissolves a clot once it has formed? a) heparin b) Coumadin c) Fragmin d) urokinase urokinase Which drug is a loop diuretic? a) Bumex b) Dyazide c) Diltiazem d) Ziac Bumex Which drug is a calcium channel blocker? a) digoxin b) nitroglycerin c) verapamil d) Zestril verapamil The drug most used for an acute gout attack is Zyloprim What type of prescription balance must be used for compounding 120 mgs of a 1% topical antifungal cream? class A What type of measuring device should be used to measure 3 ml of a liquid for compounding? 10 ml cylindrical graduate Grinding of tablets into a fine powder in a porcelain mortar is an example of: trituration What is the proper method of measuring a liquid in a graduated cylinder? hold at eye level and read the bottom of the meniscus The process of producing a smooth dispersion of a drug with a spatula is called levigation What is the most accurate device for measuring liquids? cylindrical graduate What is the smallest weight a class A balance can weigh? 120 mg (2 grain) When dispensing a Ventolin inhaler, how often must the Patient Package insert (PPI) be included with the drug product? every time the prescription is dispensed Which drug requires a follow-up "Cover" prescription when dispensed as a verbal order? phenobarbital b) vicodin c) valium d) all the above -phenobarbital -vicodin -valium What is the proper procedure for cleaning a laminar flow hood? side to side, back to front Which procedure would you not do when opening an ampule? a) wipe the neck with an alcohol pad b) after wiping with an alcohol pad, dry the neck with a paper towel c) break the ampule with an alcohol pad covering the neck d) filter the contents with a filter needle after wiping with an alcohol pad, dry the neck with a paper towel How far into the hood should the pharmacy technician work? 6 inches What size filter is considered a sterilizing filter? 0.22 micron How often must a laminar flow hood be checked? every 6 months How long may a schedule class II drug be refilled? no refills If a HCTZ prescription states, 'refill prn', for how long may this Rx be refilled? 1 year How often must controlled substances be physically inventoried? once every 2 years Which governmental agency is responsible for safety in the workplace? OSHA The "C" designation for controlled substances must appear on a controlled prescription: in red in the lower right hand corner of the Rx A vial of reconstituted Adriamycin breaks inside a vertical flow hood. What should the technician do? clean up the spill with a spill kit Which federal legislation enacted in 1970 regulates the use and distribution of substances with high abuse potential? CSA Which legislation established two classes of drugs? Durham-Humphrey Amendment The manufacturing, dispensing and distribution of controlled substances is regulated by the: FDA Which law allows nasal inhalers to be dispensed without a child-resistant container? Poison Control Act of 1970 Which law allows pharmacists/interns to take prescriptions over the telephone from a physician's office? Durham-Humphrey Amendment Which organization oversees Medicare and Medicaid service? CMS How long is a DEA Form 222 valid? 60 days Methylphenidate treats: • ADHD • NARCOLEPSY PRN refills on methylphenidate last how long? • no refills are allowed on C-II drugs Which antibiotics cause photosensitivity? • Bactrim DS/ Septra DS ( sulfameth/trimeth ) • tetracycline ( all the - cyclines ) Pseudoephedrine is contraindicated to what disease state? Pseudoephedrine is Sudafed and this is cannot be taken with hypertension or heart disease Which drug is a beta blocker? Beta blockers end in -olol. Know the generic/brand names of this class of medication. You know that the generics end in -olol but the test will list the answers in the brand names. The three parts of a needle are: shaft, lumen, and hub Which book gives information on general disease categories and their treatments? Merck Index Coumadin and aspirin • Coumadin (warfarin) interacts with aspirin. Coumadin thins the blood and so does aspirin. If taken together - the blood could be thinned too much and unusual bleeding can occur. • Drugs with aspirin: Percodan, Fiorinal, Ecotrin, Bayer, Bufferin, Excedrin, Darvon • A customer has a prescription for coumadin and asks the tech if it is okay to take aspirin occasionally. What should the tech do? Answer: refer the customer to the pharmacist. Digoxin is a: • Cardiac glycoside • Anti-arrhythmic • If you can only pick one and not both - pick cardiac glycoside 15) If a patient came in with a script containing 5 different drugs listed ( one drug is TCN ) what should the patient be warned about? • Know your auxiliary labels and side effects of medications • TCN: photosensitivity, no calcium products, no antacids, not for children and pregnancy, if expired it is fatal If a patient is deficient in cyanocobalamine, what should the patient take? Vitamin B-12 What you should know about the expiration date: • Expires the last day of the month at midnight • 50% of the manufacturer date to a maximum of 1 year on repackaging of medication. What are capsules made out of? gelatin, sugar, and water What schedule is codeine? • Codeine by itself is a C-II • Codeine mixed within the medication is a CIII What size is a HEPA filter? • 0.22 micron • It filters out 0.3 micron particles and larger The use for syrup of ipecac is: To induce vomiting in case of an overdose of medication or poison The largest amount of energy in an IV bag is: comes from FATS NaHCO3 Sodium bicarbonate How would you dispose of a needle? sharps container Know how to dispose chemotherapy medications and that there is a spill kit to use if you spill chemo drugs to dispose: place in a leak proof, puncture resistant container, placed in a larger container and incinerated What would you use for a dry, hacking cough? • Anti-tussive : Robitussin DM , Vicks 44 DM, DM stands for dextromethorphan, • HYCODAN (hydrocodone) tablets- schedule III drug Cozaar and Hyzaar : • they are both ACE inhibitors use for high blood pressure • they do not produce the side effect of cough like the other ACE inhibitors • other ACE inhibitors end in -pril An ampule lid is made out of what? An ampule is entirely made out of glass ( one piece ) Most common drug used in Parkinson's disease: Sinemet ( Carbidopa/levidopa ) What are buccal tablets? • It is a tablet that is placed in-between the cheek and gum. • Intended to dissolve slowly to stay in the mouth (where the infection) is longer HS stands for what? at bedtime ( hour of sleep ) Intron A is stored where? In the refrigerator 1 grain (gr) = 65 mg (the range is actually 60-65 mg) How would you use PenG and where would you store it? • Penicillin G is an antibiotic and would be stored in the refrigerator • Any liquid penicillin in a syringe will be stored in the refrigerator A pre-filled syringe is made out of glass or plastic? glass What is mupirocin? The brand name is Bactroban and is an antiseptic cream or ointment for the skin. PRN refills on CIII , CIV , and CV mean what? They are refillable to a maximum of 5 refills or 6 months Work done with antineoplastic drugs is done in a vertical laminar flow hood. (also called: Biological Safety Cabinet) Where are controlled drugs kept? • Pharmacies may disperse these substances (including CII's) throughout their stock of non-controlled substances in a manner that will obstruct theft. • CII's cannot be placed in automatic counting devices. Where are antineoplastic drugs kept? • Separate storage area where the drug cartons, shelves, bins, counters, and trays have warning labels and designed to minimize falling and breakage of materials. • Only specific trained personnel allowed access Type B-ADR (Adverse Drug Reaction) is serious and life threatening Where is Domboro stored? Domboro is an OTC antiseptic....it would be stored next to the bacitracin ointment in the first aid section of the pharmacy What does AWP mean? Average Wholesale Price How many units per ml in insulin? ( i.e. U-100 insulin ) • U-100 means that there are 100 units per 1 ml of insulin. • A vial is 10 ml therefore there are 1000 units per vial. ( 100 units/ml x 10 ml ) Know what drugs qualify as an "Automatic Stop Order" • Antibiotics • Antineoplastics Know examples of antibiotics for the ear. Cortisporin Otic : neomycin/polymyxin B/hydrocortisone ss = 5ml = 15 ml = ss = 1/2 5ml = 1 teaspoon 15 ml = 1 Tablespoon What is the most important tech function when entering medication orders? Correctly inputting patient information Class B balance weighs up to 120 gms (grams not milligrams) (Bulk balance) The most accurate way to measure a liquid? With a graduated cylinder reading the bottom of the meniscus at eye level on a level surface. What is the shelf-life of an antibiotic after reconstitution? 14 or 10 days What does water soluble mean? Refers to vitamins, when taken in excessive they will not build up in the body and become toxic A customer brings in two prescriptions to be filled. One is for atenolol and the other is for Tenormin. What should the technician do next? Atenolol is the generic of Tenormin; therefore the patient does not need both due to a possible drug overdose. The technician should bring this to the attention of the pharmacist. THIS IS DUBLICATE THERAPY Know which drugs require a PPI and how often should you dispense it? • MDI's, Birth Control, Estrogens, Progesterones, Accutane, and IUD's. • Must be dispensed every time. What is the generic name of Accutane? What is the special warning? • Isotretinoin • Will cause severe birth defects. Women of child bearing age must test negative to pregnancy before starting Accutane. • No refills are allowed and prescription should be filled within 7 days of written date. Only one type of insulin can go into an IV bag. Which one? Regular