CCDS Exam Review Questions With 100% Correct
Answers (2023 – 2024)
What lead insulation materials are known for reducing fibroblast ingrowth and susceptibility to
Metal-ion induced oxidation (MIO) and Environmental Stress-Cracking (ESC) - ePTFE and 80A
polyurethane
What is the most common cause of safety pacing or "ventricular safety standby?" - Ventricular
Ectopy
Ventricular safety standby is a feature designed to avoid the inappropriate inhibition of V-pacing
due to crosstalk oversensing of an Ap event on the ventricular EGM. Not sure why the book says that
PVCs are the most common cause, perhaps because bipolar leads have made Crosstalk such a rare-
occurring issue now.
Which electrode material is most likely to result in higher pacing thresholds and higher degree of
polarization? - Elgiloy
What phase of the action potential correlates to relative refractory period? - 3
The ventrical trial conduction time of a pacemaker patient with a typical endless-loop-tachycardia
may be calculated by which equation? - (upper rate limit interval) - ( AV delay + PVARP) ?
or is it just MTR (URL) - AVD
For treatment of arrhythmias, most drugs work by altering _______ or __________. - Conductivity or
Refractoriness
1Hz = ??bpm - 60bpm
What would cause a more significant drain on battery charge... ATP before charge or ATP during
charge? - ATP DURING charge
, Increased current density is expected with what type of lead feature? - Small tip (cathode) surface
area
________ is the component of a device that converts both positive and negative components into a
signal with only one component. - Rectifier
Which of the following would account for the most common cause of inappropriate Mode
switching?
A: Ventricular lead sensing atrial signals
B: Lead Insulation break
C: Oversensing EMI
D: Atrial lead sensing Ventricular Signals - D: Atrial lead sensing Ventricular Signals
________ ________ is a closed loop sensor used by Biotronik for sensor-driven pacing rate. - Myocardial
Contractility
Measures intracardiac impedance and said to reflect autonomic nervous stimulation. Impedance
measure from Cathode to PG every 31.25ms after RVp event.
What are some of the effects of Hyperkalemia? - Increased stimulation threshold (notable increase
if K>=7)
Wide QRS
Latency
undersensing
Peaked T-waves
What is the "made easy" formula for calculating
Estimated Battery Service Life? - 114 x (Ampere hour capacity / Current drain in MicroAmps)
Formula for determining Wenckebach window: - MTR - TARP
Answers (2023 – 2024)
What lead insulation materials are known for reducing fibroblast ingrowth and susceptibility to
Metal-ion induced oxidation (MIO) and Environmental Stress-Cracking (ESC) - ePTFE and 80A
polyurethane
What is the most common cause of safety pacing or "ventricular safety standby?" - Ventricular
Ectopy
Ventricular safety standby is a feature designed to avoid the inappropriate inhibition of V-pacing
due to crosstalk oversensing of an Ap event on the ventricular EGM. Not sure why the book says that
PVCs are the most common cause, perhaps because bipolar leads have made Crosstalk such a rare-
occurring issue now.
Which electrode material is most likely to result in higher pacing thresholds and higher degree of
polarization? - Elgiloy
What phase of the action potential correlates to relative refractory period? - 3
The ventrical trial conduction time of a pacemaker patient with a typical endless-loop-tachycardia
may be calculated by which equation? - (upper rate limit interval) - ( AV delay + PVARP) ?
or is it just MTR (URL) - AVD
For treatment of arrhythmias, most drugs work by altering _______ or __________. - Conductivity or
Refractoriness
1Hz = ??bpm - 60bpm
What would cause a more significant drain on battery charge... ATP before charge or ATP during
charge? - ATP DURING charge
, Increased current density is expected with what type of lead feature? - Small tip (cathode) surface
area
________ is the component of a device that converts both positive and negative components into a
signal with only one component. - Rectifier
Which of the following would account for the most common cause of inappropriate Mode
switching?
A: Ventricular lead sensing atrial signals
B: Lead Insulation break
C: Oversensing EMI
D: Atrial lead sensing Ventricular Signals - D: Atrial lead sensing Ventricular Signals
________ ________ is a closed loop sensor used by Biotronik for sensor-driven pacing rate. - Myocardial
Contractility
Measures intracardiac impedance and said to reflect autonomic nervous stimulation. Impedance
measure from Cathode to PG every 31.25ms after RVp event.
What are some of the effects of Hyperkalemia? - Increased stimulation threshold (notable increase
if K>=7)
Wide QRS
Latency
undersensing
Peaked T-waves
What is the "made easy" formula for calculating
Estimated Battery Service Life? - 114 x (Ampere hour capacity / Current drain in MicroAmps)
Formula for determining Wenckebach window: - MTR - TARP
