Pesticide Applicator Certification: Core Manual with complete solutions 2023

Pesticide Applicator Certification: Core Manual with complete solutions 2023Pest Undesirable organism that injures humans, desirable plants and animals, manufactured products and natural substances Four main groups of pest 1. Weeds (Ex. Canada Thistle Flower) 2. Invertebrate animals (Ex. Paper wasp) 3. Pathogens (Ex. Hawthorne rust) 4. Vertebrate (Ex. Rock dove) Importance of pest identification Misidentification leading to pest control failure Understand signs of what type of pest is present Pests change throughout life cycles Habitat, environmental conditions and time of yea Six general pest management methods 1. Biological 2. Chemical 3. Cultural 4. Genetic 5. Mechanical/physical 6. Regulatory Biological management method Introducing pests with natural enemy to maintain balance in the ecosystem Chemical management method Involves using naturally derived and/or synthetic chemicals to manage pests Cultural management method Practice that reduces pest establishment, reproduction, dispersal and survival EX mowing, irrigation Genetic management method Plants and animals breed or resist specific pest problems through passing of genetic material down to form a hybrid seed or characteristics Mechanical/physical management method To kill pest directly or destroy their environment Regulatory management method Pest who are seriously endangered public health or can cause a wide spread disease eradication and quarantine Integrated pest management (IPM) A balanced, tactical approach to pest control Anticipates in pest outbreaks and prevention of pest damage Five benefits of using IPM 1. Helps to keep a balanced ecosystem 2. pesticides can be ineffective 3. IPM can save money 4. IPM promotes a healthy environment 5. IPM maintains a good public imagination How can one or more control options improve pest control? Prevent resistance build up, certain pest are not affected by some forms of control Why do pesticides fail? 1. Dosage 2. Correct use 3. Application timing 4. Application equipment 5. Environmental conditions 6. Pesticide degradation Importance of a pesticides mode of action in managing pesticides resistance Specific modes of action can rapidly lead to the development of resistant pest populations even after limited use in the field Two tactics that will minimize the development of pesticide resistance 1. New or altered pesticides 2.Applying pesticides over limited areas reduces the proportion of the total pest population exposed to the chemical Explain how pest population levels trigger control procedures The population must be large enough to cause significant damage to justify cost control. Economic threshold: pest population density at which control measures are needed to prevent the pest from reaching the economic injury level