echelon class 2023 with complete solutions(download to pass!!)

sinus bradycardia -less than 60 beats per minute -P wave in front of every QRS -PR--0.12 to 0.20 -QRS less than 0.12 -if symptomatic--atropine, pacemaker sinus tachycardia -treat underlying cause (fever, pain, etc.) 00:02 01:49 Sinus Arrhythmia irregular with breathing--HR increases with inspiration and decreases with expiration -only treat if hemodynamically compromised--atropine SA block -dropped interval/pause -if hemodynamically compromised--atropine, permanent pacemaker sinus arrest - SA node doesn't fire - notice absence of P-wave for a complete cycle (a missed cycle) -no treatment if episodes are transient otherwise temporary pacing or atropine Premature Atrial Contraction (PAC) if symptomatic--digitalis, beta blockers, antiarrhythmics atrial flutter -Sawtooth pattern -250 to 350 beats -PRI cant determine** -QRS less than .12 -need to control ventricular rate and convert the rhythm/anticoagulate a fib -no p wave -PRI cant measure** -QRS les than 0.12 -rate control and anti coag SVT -regular rate and rhythm -P wave not visible** -PRI 0.12-0.20** -QRS less than 0.12 -tx: vagal simulation -if stable--adenosine, calcium channel blockers, beta blockers, dig, antiarrhythmics -if unstable--cardioversion Premature Junctional Contraction -Inverted p wave or hidden p wave PRI<0.12 or none Normal QRS -p wave goes down instead of up -no PRI unless P wave before QRS