Chapter 19: Nutrition for Neuro-Psychiatric Disorders
Grodner and Escott-Stump: Nutritional Foundations and Clinical Application: A
Nursing Approach, 6th Edition
MULTIPLE CHOICE
1. The best place for a patient with Alzheimer’s disease to eat would be
a. in front of the television.
b. at a table with a caregiver.
c. at a table with several dining companions.
d. alone in a quiet room.
ANS: B
Eating at a table with a caregiver is most likely to encourage adequate nutritional intake. Other
dining companions or television may distract the patient and decrease food intake. A patient
with Alzheimer’s disease may become confused or forget to eat if he or she is alone.
DIF: Cognitive Level: Applying REF: Page 401
TOP: Nursing Process: Planning| Nursing Process: Implementation
MSC: Client Needs: Psychosocial integrity
2. An example of a meal that may be beneficial for cognitive function in patients with
Alzheimer’s disease is
a. baked salmon and spinach salad.
b. scrambled eggs and whole-grain toast.
c. cottage cheese and applesauce.
d. calves’ liver and onions.
ANS: A
Foods with high levels of antioxidants (e.g., spinach) and omega-3 fatty acids (e.g., salmon)
may help improve cognitive function in patients with Alzheimer’s disease. Patients do not
need to be restricted to soft foods. Calves’ liver is a good source of iron but has no specific
benefit for Alzheimer’s disease.
DIF: Cognitive Level: Applying REF: Page 399 | Page 401
TOP: Nursing Process: Planning| Nursing Process: Implementation
MSC: Client Needs: Psychosocial integrity | Client Needs: Health promotion and maintenance
3. If a patient with amyotrophic lateral sclerosis (ALS) is having difficulty speaking and is losing
weight, it would be important to evaluate
a. his or her resting energy expenditure.
b. his or her appetite and interest in food.
c. whether he or she has diarrhea and malabsorption.
d. his or her ability to swallow.
ANS: D
, As ALS progresses, many affected patients have difficulty swallowing; difficulty speaking
may be associated with loss of function of nerves in this area. It may be helpful to measure
resting energy expenditure, but this would be secondary to evaluating their ability to swallow.
The patient may have diminished appetite, but whether they should be encouraged to eat
depends on whether they have dysphagia. Diarrhea and malabsorption do not usually occur in
patients with ALS.
DIF: Cognitive Level: Applying REF: Pages 401-402
TOP: Nursing Process: Assessment| Nursing Process: Planning
MSC: Client Needs: Physiological integrity
4. Whenever possible, comatose patients should be fed
a. a full liquid diet.
b. enterally.
c. through peripheral parenteral nutrition.
d. through central parenteral nutrition.
ANS: B
Comatose patients should be fed enterally whenever possible to maintain integrity of the gut.
Parenteral nutrition is expensive, less physiologically sound, and unnecessary for most
patients. Unconscious patients cannot be fed orally.
DIF: Cognitive Level: Remembering REF: Page 402 TOP: Nursing Process: Planning
MSC: Client Needs: Physiological integrity
5. A child who is following a ketogenic diet to help control seizures is most likely to need help
in coping with
a. early satiety.
b. hunger.
c. nausea.
d. lethargy.
ANS: B
Children following a ketogenic diet and their families are likely to need support in dealing
with hunger because ketogenic diets are low in volume and energy intake is usually restricted.
They are unlikely to experience early satiety with the small amount of food; nausea and
lethargy are not common problems.
DIF: Cognitive Level: Applying REF: Page 402 | Page 406
TOP: Nursing Process: Implementation MSC: Client Needs: Physiological integrity
6. If a child is following a ketogenic diet for treatment of epilepsy, the nurse would want to
ensure that the child is receiving supplements of
a. essential amino acids.
b. pancreatic enzymes.
c. vitamin D.
d. vitamin C.
ANS: C
Grodner and Escott-Stump: Nutritional Foundations and Clinical Application: A
Nursing Approach, 6th Edition
MULTIPLE CHOICE
1. The best place for a patient with Alzheimer’s disease to eat would be
a. in front of the television.
b. at a table with a caregiver.
c. at a table with several dining companions.
d. alone in a quiet room.
ANS: B
Eating at a table with a caregiver is most likely to encourage adequate nutritional intake. Other
dining companions or television may distract the patient and decrease food intake. A patient
with Alzheimer’s disease may become confused or forget to eat if he or she is alone.
DIF: Cognitive Level: Applying REF: Page 401
TOP: Nursing Process: Planning| Nursing Process: Implementation
MSC: Client Needs: Psychosocial integrity
2. An example of a meal that may be beneficial for cognitive function in patients with
Alzheimer’s disease is
a. baked salmon and spinach salad.
b. scrambled eggs and whole-grain toast.
c. cottage cheese and applesauce.
d. calves’ liver and onions.
ANS: A
Foods with high levels of antioxidants (e.g., spinach) and omega-3 fatty acids (e.g., salmon)
may help improve cognitive function in patients with Alzheimer’s disease. Patients do not
need to be restricted to soft foods. Calves’ liver is a good source of iron but has no specific
benefit for Alzheimer’s disease.
DIF: Cognitive Level: Applying REF: Page 399 | Page 401
TOP: Nursing Process: Planning| Nursing Process: Implementation
MSC: Client Needs: Psychosocial integrity | Client Needs: Health promotion and maintenance
3. If a patient with amyotrophic lateral sclerosis (ALS) is having difficulty speaking and is losing
weight, it would be important to evaluate
a. his or her resting energy expenditure.
b. his or her appetite and interest in food.
c. whether he or she has diarrhea and malabsorption.
d. his or her ability to swallow.
ANS: D
, As ALS progresses, many affected patients have difficulty swallowing; difficulty speaking
may be associated with loss of function of nerves in this area. It may be helpful to measure
resting energy expenditure, but this would be secondary to evaluating their ability to swallow.
The patient may have diminished appetite, but whether they should be encouraged to eat
depends on whether they have dysphagia. Diarrhea and malabsorption do not usually occur in
patients with ALS.
DIF: Cognitive Level: Applying REF: Pages 401-402
TOP: Nursing Process: Assessment| Nursing Process: Planning
MSC: Client Needs: Physiological integrity
4. Whenever possible, comatose patients should be fed
a. a full liquid diet.
b. enterally.
c. through peripheral parenteral nutrition.
d. through central parenteral nutrition.
ANS: B
Comatose patients should be fed enterally whenever possible to maintain integrity of the gut.
Parenteral nutrition is expensive, less physiologically sound, and unnecessary for most
patients. Unconscious patients cannot be fed orally.
DIF: Cognitive Level: Remembering REF: Page 402 TOP: Nursing Process: Planning
MSC: Client Needs: Physiological integrity
5. A child who is following a ketogenic diet to help control seizures is most likely to need help
in coping with
a. early satiety.
b. hunger.
c. nausea.
d. lethargy.
ANS: B
Children following a ketogenic diet and their families are likely to need support in dealing
with hunger because ketogenic diets are low in volume and energy intake is usually restricted.
They are unlikely to experience early satiety with the small amount of food; nausea and
lethargy are not common problems.
DIF: Cognitive Level: Applying REF: Page 402 | Page 406
TOP: Nursing Process: Implementation MSC: Client Needs: Physiological integrity
6. If a child is following a ketogenic diet for treatment of epilepsy, the nurse would want to
ensure that the child is receiving supplements of
a. essential amino acids.
b. pancreatic enzymes.
c. vitamin D.
d. vitamin C.
ANS: C
