Epidemiology Final Exam Study Guide| 60 questions| with complete solutions

Active Surveillance correct answer: It is often used if an outbreak has begun or is suspected to keep close track of the number of cases. Age-adjusted rates correct answer: Is used to allow populations to be compared when the age profiles of the populations are different Association correct answer: social units based on age, gender, or common interest Autonomy correct answer: The right of individuals to decide things for themselves Belmont Report correct answer: summarizes ethical principles and guidelines for research involving human subjects Bias correct answer: a systematic error in a study that will effect the outcome. Blinding correct answer: an aspect of study design where the subject is not ware of his/her group assignment of placebo or treatment; seeks to alleviate bias in the study results Case-control study correct answer: A study that compares individuals who have a disease with individuals who do not have the disease in order to examine differences in exposure or risk factors of the disease Cause correct answer: act, event, or state of nature that permits/initiates alone or in conjunction with other causes, a sequence of events resulting in an effect Cohort Study correct answer: Start with a group of individuals apparently free of the disease of interest. This group, or cohort, is divided into those exposed to a possible risk factor and those not exposed,and is then followed through time - in order to determine the incidence rate among the exposed and the unexposed. Confounding correct answer: when more than once factor contribute to a cause. Unable to distinguish. Example: question for project (full-time job) Contingency table correct answer: A cross-classification of data where categories of one variable are presented in rows and categories of another variable are presented in columns. (2x2 table) Control Group correct answer: People who participate in a trial, but do not get the treatment. Cross-sectional study correct answer: An observational study in which exposure and disease are determined at the same time in a given popul