Bio 181 Exam 1 study guide QUESTIONS WITH COMPLETE SOLUTIONS

How "hypothesis based science" differs from 'discovery science" correct answer: -discovery science is making observations or document observations, making a conclusion, seeks science for natural causes. -Hypothesis-based is formal, using scientific method. List the criteria of a good hypothesis. correct answer: 1.First to find out the change of what you are testing 2.The hypothesis must be testable 3.It should be Falsifiable: there must be a possible negative answer. 4.Have inductive reasoning: info that is often found mostly true or found true Explain how a hypothesis i constructed; is it inductive or deductive reasoning used? correct answer: -Experiments Controls: split in two parts, one subject is given a treatment, and the other is treated the same with out the treatment. -Bias: the experimenter is blind to the hypothesis being tested and to which group is the experimental one. -Alternative hypothesis: is one that states there is a statistically significant relationship between two variables. -Correlations :is a quantitative method of research in which you have 2 or more quantitative variables from the same group of participants, & you are trying to determine if there is a relationship (or covariation) between the 2 variables. DEDUCTIVE Describe the major steps in the "experimental method" of hypothesis testing. correct answer: -Make observations: should be objective not subjective. -Form a hypothesis: develop a general principle or explanation to help predict future events. -Make a prediction: generating a specific expectation from a generalization. -Perform a experiment: experiment based on our prediction. -Analyze the results: -Draw a conclusion -Report the results Explain why a "control" is needed in a n experiment, when and why is a placebo used as a control? correct answer: When measuring only one variable at a time, an during a scientific "control" group gives reliable Baseline data to compare their results with. -PLACEBO: a substance that has no therapeutic effect, used as a control in testing new drugs. -Researchers use "placebos" during studies to help understand what effect a new drug or substance might have on a particular condition. From jumping spider experiment: Which of the 5 ty