BIO 181 ASU FINAL (Shaffer) questions with complete solutions

The stage of meiosis where 'crossing over' occurs. correct answer: Prophase 1 A mutation that you could pass on to your offspring would occur in the correct answer: Germ cells Most mutations that occur in our genomes are (neutral, beneficial, deleterious) correct answer: Neutral Which type of mutation would most likely have dramatic effects on the gene of interest? correct answer: Frameshift or Nonsense mutation What is the prob. of a child having same phenotype as first parent: AaBbcc x aa bb CC correct answer: 0 The Hardy Weinberg equilibrium frequency is given by correct answer: p^2 + 2pq + q^2 This is an example of heterozygote advantage. correct answer: The sickle cell trait In order for mitochondrial ATP synthase to work correct answer: The pH of the inter membrane space must be lower than that of the matrix During glycolysis, glucose is broken down into two molecules of correct answer: Pyruvate What is the most important product of the fermentation pathway in cells? correct answer: NAD+ Photosynthesis is usually divided up into how many separate Reactions? correct answer: 2 these are the reduced forms of the electron carriers of cell respiration. correct answer: NADH and FADH2 The step of cellular respiration that results in the biggest direct 'payoff' of ATP is correct answer: The electron transport chain In the absence of oxygen this is the route taken by the cell to generate ATP. correct answer: Fermentation (or glycolysis) This type of organism does not have a nucleus. correct answer: Prokaryote Which six elements are most important for the survival of life? correct answer: H, C, N, O, P, S The shared biochemistry of all life is among the e