Mark Klimek NCLEX Review Questions: BURNS

A first-degree burn is pale or red? Red A first-degree burn has vesicles. (T/F) False 00:00 01:17 A second-degree burn is pale or red? Red A second-degree burn is dull or shiny? Shiny A second-degree burn has vesicles. (T/F) True A second-degree burn is wet or dry? Wet A third-degree burn is white or red? White A third-degree burn is wet or dry? Dry A third-degree burn is hard or soft? Hard Of first, second, and third-degree burns, which has less pain? Why? Third-degree burns, because nerve damage has occurred. For what purpose do you use the rule of nines? To estimate the percentage of body surface burned; is NOT used for children. In the rule of nines, the head and neck receive _______: each arm receives_______. 9%; 9% In the rule of nines, the front trunk gets ______, the posterior trunk gets _______, each leg gets ______, and the genitalia gets _______. 18%; 18%; 18%; 1% What is the only IM given to a burn patient? Tetanus toxoid - if they had a previous immunization; tetanus antitoxin - if they have never been immunized before (or immune globulin) In the emergent phase, do you cover burns (in the field)? Yes, with anything clean and dry. Should you remove adhered clothing? No Name the 3 phases of burn. Shock, diuretic, recovery Fluid moves from the___________ to the _______ in the SHOCK phase. bloodstream; interstitial space During the shock phase of the burn, potassium is increased/decreased. Why? increased; all of the cells are damaged, and potassium is released from damaged cells. What acid-base disorder is seen in the shock phase of a burn? Metabolic acidosis What is the #1 therapy in the shock phase? Fluid replacement/resuscitation What is the simple formula for calculating fluid replacement needs in the first 24 hours after a burn? 3 mL x kg x % burned per day (3 mL x 70 kg x 50% = 10,500 mL)