NRNP 6540 Week 5 Assignment Case Study: A 67-year-old Female With Tachycardia and Coughing.

NRNP 6540 Week 5 Assignment Case Study: A 67-year-old Female With Tachycardia and Coughing. NRNP 6540 Week 5 Case Assignment Case Title: A 67-year-old With Tachycardia and Coughing Ms. Jones is a 67-year-old female who is brought to your office today by her daughter Susan. Ms. Jones lives with her daughter and is able to perform all activities of daily living (ADLs) independently. Her daughter reports that her mother’s heart rate has been quite elevated, and she has been coughing a lot over the last 2 days. Ms. Jones has a 30-pack per year history of smoking cigarettes but quit smoking 3 years ago. Other known history includes chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD), hypertension, vitamin D deficiency, and hyperlipidemia. She also reports some complaints of intermittent pain/cramping in her bilateral lower extremities when walking, and has to stop walking at times for the pain to subside. She also reports some pain to the left side of her back, and some pain with aspiration. Ms. Jones reports she has been coughing a lot lately, and notices some thick, brown-tinged sputum. She states she has COPD and has been using her albuterol inhaler more than usual. She says it helps her “get the cold up.” Her legs feel tired but denies any worsening shortness of breath. She admits that she has some weakness and fatigue but is still able to carry out her daily routine. Vital Signs: 99.2, 126/78, 96, RR 22 Labs: Complete Metabolic Panel and CBC done and were within normal limits CMP Component Value CBC Component Value Glucose, Serum 86 mg/dL White blood cell count 5.0 x 10E3/uL BUN 17 mg/dL RBC 4.71 x10E6/uL Creatinine, Serum 0.63 mg/dL Hemoglobin 10.9 g/dL EGFR 120 mL/min Hematocrit 36.4% Sodium, Serum 141 mmol/L Mean Corpuscular Volume 79 fL Potassium, Serum 4.0 mmol/L Mean Corpus HgB 28.9 pg Chloride, Serum 100 mmol/L Mean Corpus HgB Conc 32.5 g/dL Carbon Dioxide 26 mmol/L RBC Distribution Width 12.3% Calcium 8.7 mg/dL Platelet Count 178 x 10E3/uL Protein, Total, Serum 6.0 g/dL Albumin 4.8 g/dL Globulin 2.4 g/dL Bilirubin 1.0 mg/dL AST 17 IU/L ALT 15 IU/L Allergies: Penicillin Current Medications: • Atorvastatin 40mg p.o. daily • Multivitamin 1 tablet daily 3 • Losartan 50mg p.o. daily • ProAir HFA 90mcg 2 puffs q4–6 hrs. prn • Caltrate 600mg+ D3 1 tablet daily Diagnosis: Pneumonia Directions: Answer the following 10 questions directly on this template. Question 1: What findings would you expect to be reported or seen on her chest x-ray results, given the diagnosis of pneumonia? The chest X-ray results of a pneumonia patient show an area around the lungs with inflammation. The inflammation is indicated by infiltrates that appear as white spots around the lungs. These spots indicate the presence of pneumonia and related complications, such as abscesses or pleural effusions that appear as fluid around the lungs (Ito et al., 2019). Infiltrates are denser than the air and occur due to idiopathic pneumonitis syndrome. Question 2: Define further what type of pneumonia Ms. Jones has, HAP (hospital-acquired pneumonia) or CAP (community-acquired pneumonia)? What’s the difference/criteria? Ms. Jones has community-acquired pneumonia (CAP) since she has spent more of her lifetime in the community. There is no history showing that she has ever had an extended stay in a healthcare facility, as this would have caused hospital-acquired pneumonia (HAP) (Poovieng et al., 2022). Significant chances are that Ms. Jones acquired bacteria, fungi, virus, or parasite bite that could have resulted in pneumonia. A cold could be another cause because it is associated with pneumonia in old adults. However, since she has had a history of smoking and chronic obstructive pulmonary disease, there is a high chance that her pneumonia is sourced from tis predisposing factors. A notable difference between CAP and HAP- HAP is mainly caused by bacterial micro aspiration, which invade the oropharynx and upper airways leading to 4 severe health conditions (Poovieng et al., 2022). The condition of Ms. Jones may not be considered much serious since her upper airways are stable, which is why she can perform all her daily activities.