Fresenius New Hire, Exam Study Guide Questions And
Answers 100% Correct
What are the functions of a healthy kidney? - Removal of waste products (creatinine, urea, and uric
acid). Regulate fluid, acid base, and electrolytes.
What are the anatomical structures of the urinary system in order of urine flow? - (2) Kidneys (2)
Ureters (1) Bladder (1) Urethra
Which of the functions of healthy kidneys are replaced by dialysis? - Removal of waste products,
and Regulation of fluid balance
What is the function of renin? - hormone produced by the kidneys with important effects on
regulation of the blood pressure, and on sodium, and potassium balance
What is homeostasis? - Steady internal state of equilibrium in the body.
Intracellular - Inside the cells
Intravascular - inside the blood vessels
Extracellular - outside the cells
Interstitial - between the cells
What are the body fluid compartments? - Intracellular, Extracellular, Intravascular, Interstitial
, What is hemodialysis? (HD) - Outpatient setting
Peritoneal Dialysis (PD) - Patient's home
What factors impact the rate of diffusion ? - Concentration Gradient, Temperature, Molecular
weight of solutes, Nature of the solution, Membrane Permeability, Surface area, Flow Geometry
Convection
What are three types of solutions? - Hypotonic, Isotonic, Hypertonic
What is hypotonic? - Containing less particles
What is Isotonic? - Containing equal particles
What is Hypertonic? - Containing more particles
Countercurrent Flow is? - Blood and Dialysate flow in opposite directions
What happens to diffusion when dialyzer fibers clot? - either from inadequate heparinization or an
improperly primed dialyzer, diffusion is decreased.
What are the compartments of a dialyzer? - Blood compartment, dialysate compartment
What separates the dialyzer compartments? - There is potting material on both ends of the dialyzer
to assure separation of the blood and dialysate
What volume should be used for fresh fill? - MUST be performed prior to the initiation of every
treatment
Answers 100% Correct
What are the functions of a healthy kidney? - Removal of waste products (creatinine, urea, and uric
acid). Regulate fluid, acid base, and electrolytes.
What are the anatomical structures of the urinary system in order of urine flow? - (2) Kidneys (2)
Ureters (1) Bladder (1) Urethra
Which of the functions of healthy kidneys are replaced by dialysis? - Removal of waste products,
and Regulation of fluid balance
What is the function of renin? - hormone produced by the kidneys with important effects on
regulation of the blood pressure, and on sodium, and potassium balance
What is homeostasis? - Steady internal state of equilibrium in the body.
Intracellular - Inside the cells
Intravascular - inside the blood vessels
Extracellular - outside the cells
Interstitial - between the cells
What are the body fluid compartments? - Intracellular, Extracellular, Intravascular, Interstitial
, What is hemodialysis? (HD) - Outpatient setting
Peritoneal Dialysis (PD) - Patient's home
What factors impact the rate of diffusion ? - Concentration Gradient, Temperature, Molecular
weight of solutes, Nature of the solution, Membrane Permeability, Surface area, Flow Geometry
Convection
What are three types of solutions? - Hypotonic, Isotonic, Hypertonic
What is hypotonic? - Containing less particles
What is Isotonic? - Containing equal particles
What is Hypertonic? - Containing more particles
Countercurrent Flow is? - Blood and Dialysate flow in opposite directions
What happens to diffusion when dialyzer fibers clot? - either from inadequate heparinization or an
improperly primed dialyzer, diffusion is decreased.
What are the compartments of a dialyzer? - Blood compartment, dialysate compartment
What separates the dialyzer compartments? - There is potting material on both ends of the dialyzer
to assure separation of the blood and dialysate
What volume should be used for fresh fill? - MUST be performed prior to the initiation of every
treatment
