Airway Fisdap Questions with answers

What is the amount of air that normally reaches the alveoli in an adult? 350ml How much air is in the average adult ventilation? 500ml 00:28 01:30 How much air is lost in the area of dead space when an adult is ventilating? 150ml A 67 year old male complains of mild respiratory distress. He smokes 4 packs of cigarettes a day and reports a consistent cough and frequent respiratory infections. Chest sounds reveal bilateral rhonchi. What should you suspect? Chronic bronchitis EXPLANATION: chronic bronchitis is long term inflammation of the bronchioles. Excessive mucus and pus production leads to obstructed airways. the consistent cough is the body's response to clear the airway obstruction An unresponsive 43 year old male is cool, pale, diaphoretic, and breathing 6 times a minute. which device should you use to administer oxygen? Bag-valve mask EXPLANATION: He is unresponsive and breathing too slow. This is a "sick" patient and assisting his ventilation should be the first intervention. You can increase his respiratory rate with a bag-valve mask. diaphoretic Characterized by profuse sweating. Nasal cannula delivers about what percentage of oxygen 20-44% What are the structures that branch off of the trachea into the lower airway? Bronchi EXPLANATION: the trachea splits at the carina into the left and right bronchus. The bronchi get smaller and smaller until it reaches the terminal bronchioles where the alveoli are located. What is the normal range of breaths per minute for an adult 12-20 A febrile 44 year old male complains of shortness of breath and has dull chest pain. he has been coughing up "rusty" sputum for the last 3 days. what is the most likely cause? Pneumonia EXPLANATION: Pneumonia is an infection of the lung tissue and the "rusty" sputum (spit) is a sign of a lower airway infection. He is febrile (has a fever) from an immune response to the infection, and the "dull" chest pain is a common symptom at the location of the infection. A 42 year old male complains of shortness of breath after being sprayed with super-heated steam. He has burns to his face, neck and upper chest. Vitals signs are BP 112/66, P 124, R 26 shallow and labored. What should you do? Assists his ventilations EXPLANATION: He is in respiratory failure. His breathing is ineffective because his respirations are fast and shallow. Shallow respirations do not allow for adequate oxygen exchange because the air is not drawn down far enough into the lungs. Assisting his breathing with positive pressure ventilations will help reduce any developing pulmonary edema from the lower airway burns. What is the term for abnormal breath sounds that result from an obstructed upper airway? Stridor 00:01 01:30 How should you insert a nasopharyngeal airway? Face the bevel toward the septum Also know to only use water-soluble lubricants when inserting a NPA, no oil-based lubricants The use of accessory muscles and nasal flaring are signs of what type of breathing? Labored breathing Expect to initially see an increases respiratory rate ad heart rate with labored breathing. As the patient begins to tire, the respiratory rate and the quality will begin to decrease, which worsens the problem. What are the small air sacs at the end of the airway that are responsible for gas exchange? Alveoli A 53 year old male is sleepy, diaphoretic, difficult to arouse and breathing 8 times a minute. What do you suspect? Respiratory failure What is directly posterior to the nose? Nasopharynx The nasopharynx connects the opening of the nostrils to the soft palate, which is located at the back of the mouth. This passage is designed to warm up inhaled air and filters out fine particulate matter What is the name of the muscular structure the divides the chest cavity from the abdominal cavity? Diaphragm What is the most common location for an airway obstruction? Pharynx This passageway is shared by air and food, so it is a common site for a partial of complete obstruction, which could be food or a flaccid tongue. What part of the respiratory system contains the vocal cords? Larynx This structure is directly above the trachea. What is the normal respiratory rate for an adult? 12-20 What is the name of the cartilaginous ridge in the trachea at which the right and left lungs split? Carina How many lobes are in the lungs? 5 3 lobes on the right and 2 lobes on the left What is the name of the passageway shared by the digestive system and the respiratory system for air and food? Pharynx The nasal cavity and mouth share this passageway. Air travels down the larynx and food travels into the esophagus What ring-shaped structure forms the lower portion of the larynx? Cricoid cartilage This is located directly inferior of the thyroid cartilage What structure is at the terminal portion of the respiratory​ tree? Alveloi An inadequate amount of oxygen being delivered to the cells is​ called: Hypoxia What is the name of the only complete cartilaginous ring of the​ trachea? Cricoid Cartilage