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Samenvatting SV _Functional neuroanatomy & Dissections

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SV van de powerpoints / lessen neuroanatomie die plaats vonden op de campus van de VUB, onderdeel van het vak Neuroscientific Aspects. Er staan achteraan ook enkele examenvragen in van vorige jaren ;)

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January 27, 2023
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January 31, 2023
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DISSECTIONS & FUNCTIONAL NEUROANATOMY

PRACTICUM 1 – Superficial morphology of the brain
Tasks 1. Observe the lateral aspect of an entire brain specimen. Identify and locate the sulcus lateralis, the sulcus
centralis, the different gyri and the primary cortical centers.

- Sulcus lateralis is de scheiding tussen de temporale en frontale en pariëtale kwabben
- Sulcus centralis is de scheiding tussen de frontale en pariëtale kwabben




TASK 2. Observe the medial aspect of a half brain specimen. Identify and locate the sulcus calcarinus, the elements of
the diencephalon, the different gyri and the primary cortical centers.

,Diencephalon van dorsaal naar ventraal :
- Epiphyse staat in voor de melatonine productie en ligt onder de corpus callosum en boven het 3e ventrikel
- Epithalamus gaat bij schade slaapstoornissen en mood disorders veroorzaken
- Thalamus staat in als filter van prikkels, het kiest welke de belangrijkste zijn en de aandacht gaan krijgen dus
naar de cortex worden doorgestuurd. MUV geursignalen
- Hypothalamus bestuurt het autonome ZS en het endocriene systeem
- Hypophyse bestuurt de hormoonregulatie (oa voor groei, bloeddruk en geslachtshormonen)




TASK 3. Localise the following structures on an entire brain specimen:

Prosencephalon - diencephalon
- Epiphyse (posterieur)
- Infundibulum (anterieur) : connectie hypothalamus en hypofyse (posterieure pituitary gland)
Mesencephalon
- Pedunculus cerebri (anterieur) : bevat de tractus corticospinalis en corticobulbaris

,Rhombencephalon
- Pons ligt anterieur van het cerebellum en superieur van de medulla oblongata. Bevat de N trigeminus (5°), N
Abducens (6°), N Facialis (7°) en N Vestibulocochlearis (8°)
- Cerebellum staat in voor coördinatie, nauwkeurigheid en timing van bewegingen (<-> Ataxie!)
o Lobus anterior cerebelli (kleiner)
o Lobus posterior cerebelli (groter)
o Vermis cerebelli
- Medulla oblongata bevat centra die hartslag, ademhaling, spijsvertering en bloeddruk regelen
o oliva
o pyramis




Andere structuren
- Corpus callosum : verbinding gemaakt uit witten stof tussen rechter en linker hemisfeer
- Chiasma opticum : gelegen in de frontale kwab
- Corpora mammillaria

, TASK 4. Localise the following structures on a half brain specimen:

Commissural structures
- corpus callosum
o rostrum
o genu
o body
o splen(i)um
- commissura anterior
- adhesio interthalamica
- fornix
- septum pellucidum

Mesencephalon
Rhombencephalon
- pons
- cerebellum
o lobus anterior cerebelli
o lobus posterior cerebelli
o nodulus cerebelli
- medulla oblongata

Cerebrospinaal vocht circulatie
- third ventricle
- aqueductus cerebri
- fourth ventricle
- canalis centralis
- plexus choroideus produceert
cerebrospinal vocht (zeewier)
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