ASWB EXAM - HUMAN DEVELOPMENT, DIVERSITY AND BEHAVIOR IN THE ENVIRONMENT (SECTION 1) QUESTIONS WITH CORRECT ANSWERS

Social Development CORRECT ANSWER Human beings are inherently social Erikson was interested in how children socialize and how this affects their sense of self Personality develops throughout the life course and looked at identity crises as the focal point for each stage of human development Stages of Psychosocial Development (8) Social development implies a change in social institutions -social cohesion is enhanced when peaceful and safe environments within neighborhoods and communities are created -social accountability exists to the extend that individuals' voices are expressed and heard -reforms aimed at improving rights and more participatory governance are part of the process by which institutional change is achieved Stages of Psychosocial Development CORRECT ANSWER 8 distinct stages, with two possible outcomes -successful completion of each stage results in a healthy personality and successful interactions with others -failure to successfully complete a stage can result in a reduced ability to complete further stages, and therefore, a more unhealthy personality and sense of self -these stages can be resolved successfully at a later time 1) Trust vs. Mistrust -birth to year 1 2) Autonomy vs. Shame and Doubt -ages 1 to 3 years’ old 3) Initiative vs. Guilt -ages 3 to age 6 4) Industry vs. Inferiority -age 6 to puberty 5) Identity vs. Role Confusion