WGU Biochemistry OA 2022/2023 Questions With Answers.

WGU Biochemistry OA 2022/2023 Questions With Answers. Amino Acid backbone consists of Ans - 1. amino group 2. carboxyl group 3. alpha carbon 4. R group Amino group: looks likes/consists of Ans - NH3+ Carboxyl group looks like/consists of Ans - cooAlpha carbon looks like/consists of Ans - CH The three Amino acid categories Ans - 1. hydrophobic (nonpolar) 2. polar 3. charged Hydrophobic Amino Acids Ans - non polar afraid of h20 usually in the middle/core of the protein contains H + C... C-C, or C-H Polar Amino Acids Ans - ELECTRONEGATIVE contains O + H... O-H. NH, SH Charged Amino Acids Ans - either negative or positive Ionic Amino Acid Protein structure levels Ans - 1. primary 2. secondary 3. tertiary 4. quaternary what level do all proteins have Ans - tertiary Primary level of protein/amino acid Ans - held together with peptide bonds. peptide bonds hold amino acids together which forms polypeptide chains when multiple amino acids are attached together Secondary Level of protein/Amino acid Ans - forms hydrogen bonds with the amino back bone Tertiary Level of protein/amino acid Ans - The R groups interact to create the three dimensional shape Quaternary Level of protein/amino acid Ans - two or more subunits . Not all proteins have a quaternary structure.. this is where multiple amino acids are attached by polypeptide chains hydrophobic interactions Ans - weak. Can be broken with change in temp. (increasing temp) if in the center of the protein, they are stronger aggregation Ans - occurs due to hydrophobic interactions.. when hydrophobic interaction is broken, they bind to other hydrophobic amino acids. (boiling an egg) Hydrogen bonds Ans - bond with O or N weak. but the more bonds formed the more strength there is. broke by increased temp and change in PH disulfide bond Ans - covalent bond. two sulfur atoms only cysteine forms this bond. very strong. not easily broken only broken by reducing agents Ionic bond Ans - occur by opposite charges + attracts - moderately strong. broken by change in ph, or salt. increased salt competes with the ionic bond. enzymes Ans - protein catalyst that help protein reactions happen quickly. binds to active site active site Ans - where the substrate binds. forming a complex. (enzyme molecule complex) activation energy Ans - lowers the amount of energy needed to get the product. catalyzed reaction enzyme catalyzed reaction Ans - activation energy is less for the catalyzed reaction enzyme Ans - ends in ASE substrate Ans - is always before the arrow of the reaction. they can become products affinity Ans - an attraction to myoglobin Ans - higher affinity than hemoglobin. job is to store o2 has one subunit which binds to one heme group o2 and that o2 has one iron hemoglobin Ans - picks up o2 from lungs and delivers to tissues has four subunits (proteins) and each one binds to one heme group o2 and each o2 has one iron cooperatively .