1
Columbia College Week 1: In-class Notes and Summary
Chem 100 (Winter 2023)
CHEM 100 - Introduction of Chemistry
1. Matter
Everything in life that has mass that occupies spaces
i) Solids
(1) Properties
A definite shape,
definite volume, and
essentially Incompressible
(2) Reasons
Tightly packed together, and
held together by very strong forces of attraction
E.g., locked in place
ii) Liquids
(1) Properties
An indefinite shape,
a definite volume, and
essentially Incompressible
(2) Reasons
Tightly packed together, and
held together by very strong forces of attraction
e.g., able to move around and slide past each other
iii) Gas
(1) Properties
An indefinite shape,
an indefinite volume, and
compressible
(2) Reasons
Far apart from one another
small compared to the volume they occupy
Held together by very weak force of attraction
move around essentially independently of each other
< Compressible = decrease in volume by pressure >
2. Element
, 2
Columbia College Week 1: In-class Notes and Summary
Chem 100 (Winter 2023)
Basic substances
Fundamental types of matter
No split into other stable entitles
Carbon / Sulfur / Gold
Most of the element in the daily life are not pure elemental form
Composed to combinations
Table sugar (Carbon/ hydrogen/oxygen)
i) Metal
(1) Properties
Shiny (Reflect light)
Opaque (cannot see through)
malleable (can be hammered into shapes without breaking)
Ductile (can be drawn into wires)
Conductive (conducts both heat and electricity)
<All metals are sold under normal conditions, except mercury which is liquid>
(2) Usage
Structural metals (iron/aluminum lead) and
Coinage metals (gold/silver)
<Metals are often used in combination with metals to form alloys>
ii) Non-metal
(1) Properties
Dull (not shiny)
Brittle (break easily/ not malleable)
Not conductive (of heat and electricity)
<Normal conditions: some are gas (hydrogen), the only liquid is bromine, and the rest are
solids>
iii) Metalloid (b/w liquid and solid)
3. Atoms
Composed (element) of a unique kind of atom and
Infinitesimally small building block of matter (cannot see)
4. Compounds
Two or more types of atoms *(elements)
Columbia College Week 1: In-class Notes and Summary
Chem 100 (Winter 2023)
CHEM 100 - Introduction of Chemistry
1. Matter
Everything in life that has mass that occupies spaces
i) Solids
(1) Properties
A definite shape,
definite volume, and
essentially Incompressible
(2) Reasons
Tightly packed together, and
held together by very strong forces of attraction
E.g., locked in place
ii) Liquids
(1) Properties
An indefinite shape,
a definite volume, and
essentially Incompressible
(2) Reasons
Tightly packed together, and
held together by very strong forces of attraction
e.g., able to move around and slide past each other
iii) Gas
(1) Properties
An indefinite shape,
an indefinite volume, and
compressible
(2) Reasons
Far apart from one another
small compared to the volume they occupy
Held together by very weak force of attraction
move around essentially independently of each other
< Compressible = decrease in volume by pressure >
2. Element
, 2
Columbia College Week 1: In-class Notes and Summary
Chem 100 (Winter 2023)
Basic substances
Fundamental types of matter
No split into other stable entitles
Carbon / Sulfur / Gold
Most of the element in the daily life are not pure elemental form
Composed to combinations
Table sugar (Carbon/ hydrogen/oxygen)
i) Metal
(1) Properties
Shiny (Reflect light)
Opaque (cannot see through)
malleable (can be hammered into shapes without breaking)
Ductile (can be drawn into wires)
Conductive (conducts both heat and electricity)
<All metals are sold under normal conditions, except mercury which is liquid>
(2) Usage
Structural metals (iron/aluminum lead) and
Coinage metals (gold/silver)
<Metals are often used in combination with metals to form alloys>
ii) Non-metal
(1) Properties
Dull (not shiny)
Brittle (break easily/ not malleable)
Not conductive (of heat and electricity)
<Normal conditions: some are gas (hydrogen), the only liquid is bromine, and the rest are
solids>
iii) Metalloid (b/w liquid and solid)
3. Atoms
Composed (element) of a unique kind of atom and
Infinitesimally small building block of matter (cannot see)
4. Compounds
Two or more types of atoms *(elements)
