Lewis Med Surg Evolve Review Questions Chapter 15 Cancer

A 33-yr-old patient has recently been diagnosed with stage II cervical cancer. Which statement by the nurse best explains the diagnosis? a. "The cancer is found at the point of origin only." b. "Tumor cells have been identified in the cervical region." c. "The cancer has been identified in the cervix and the liver." d. "Your cancer was identified in the cervix and has limited local spread." - d. "Your cancer was identified in the cervix and has limited local spread." Rationale: Stage II cancer is associated with limited local spread. Stage 0 denotes cancer in situ or at the point of origin only; stage I denotes tumor limited to the tissue of origin with localized tumor growth. Stage III denotes extensive local and regional spread. Stage IV denotes metastasis such as to the liver. A 64-yr-old male patient who is receiving radiation to the head and neck as treatment for an invasive malignant tumor complains of mouth sores and pain. Which intervention should the nurse add to the plan of care? a. Provide ice chips to soothe the irritation. b. Weigh the patient every month to monitor for weight loss. c. Cleanse the mouth every 2 to 4 hours with hydrogen peroxide. d. Provide high-protein and high-calorie, soft foods every 2 hours. - d. Provide highprotein and high-calorie, soft foods every 2 hours. Rationale: A patient with stomatitis should have soft, nonirritating foods offered frequently. The diet should be high in protein and high in calories to aid healing. Extremes of temperature are to be avoided. Saline or water should be used to cleanse the mouth (not hydrogen peroxide). Patients should be weighed at least twice each week to monitor for weight loss. A 70-yr-old man who has end-stage lung cancer is admitted to the hospital with confusion and oliguria for 2 days. Which finding would the nurse report immediately to the health care provider? a. Weight gain of 6 lb b. Nausea and vomiting c. Urine specific gravity of 1.004 d. Serum sodium level of 118 mEq/L - d. Serum sodium level of 118 mEq/L Rationale: Lung cancer cells are able to manufacture and release antidiuretic hormone (ADH) with resultant water retention and hyponatremia. Hyponatremia (serum sodium levels less