Rang: Rang & Dale’s Pharmacology, 7 th Edition Test Bank Chapter 1: What is pharmacology? MULTIPLE CHOICE 1.The modern era of antimicrobial chemotherapy originated with the discovery of 1.penicillin
2.arsenical compounds
3.quinine
4.sulfonamides
5.calomel Answer b: arsenical compounds 1.Morphine was isolated from opium by 1.Paul Ehrlich
2.Gerhard Domagk
3.Friedrich Sertürner
4.Rudolf Buchheim
5.Henry Dale Answer c: Friedrich Sertürner 1.The use of genetic information to guide the choice of drug therapy is called 1.pharmacoepidemiology
2.pharmacogenetics
3.biotechnology
4.pharmacogenomics
5.pharmacoeconomics Answer d: pharmacogenomics Chapter 2: How drugs act: general principles MULTIPLE CHOICE 1.The concentration of a drug required to occupy 50 percent of its receptor sites is 1.the concentration required to produce the maximum physiological effect
2.directly proportional to the drug’s affinity for its receptor
3.inversely proportional to the drug’s affinity for its receptor
4.directly proportional to the drug’s intrinsic efficacy
5.usually determined with the Schild equation Answer c: inversely proportional to the drug’s affinity for its receptor 1.In the presence of a competitive antagonist, the agonist log-concentration effect curve is 1.shifted to the right without a change in slope or maximum effect
2.shifted to the left without a change in slope or maximum effect
3.shifted to the right with a decreased slope and maximum effect
4.shifted to the left with a decreased slope and maximum effect
5.not shifted right or left but shows a decreased maximum effect Answer a: shifted to the right without a change in slope or maximum effect 1.The magnitude of the response to a drug is related to the 1.total number of receptors for the drug
2.number of receptors occupied by the drug
3.number of vacant receptors in the tissue
4.number of spare receptors in the tissue
5.number of phosphorylated receptors in the tissue Answer b: number of receptors occupied by the drug 1.The Schild equation shows that the concentration ratio of an agonist required to occupy the same number of
receptors in the absence and presence of a competitive antagonist is determined by the 1.equilibrium constant of the agonist
2.affinity of the agonist for its receptor
3.equilibrium constant of the antagonist
4.total number of available receptors
5.number of spare receptors in the tissue Answer c: equilibrium constant of the antagonist 1.A partial agonist is typically a drug that 1.has low affinity for its receptor
2.can only occupy a small fraction of its receptors
3.can only produce a submaximal response
4.requires high doses to produce a maximal response
5.increases the number of spare receptors Answer c: can only produce a submaximal response 1.A type of drug that reduces the slope and maximum response of an agonist is 1.a non-competitive antagonist
2.a competitive antagonist
3.a physiologic antagonist
4.an inverse agonist
5.a partial agonist Answer a: a non-competitive antagonist 1.Drugs that form covalent bonds with their receptors are usually 1.reversible competitive antagonists
2.irreversible competitive antagonists
3.partial agonists
4.inverse agonists
5.inverse antagonists Answer b: irreversible competitive antagonists 1.A gradual decrease in the number of drug receptors is most likely to result from exposure to 1.a competitive antagonist
2.a non-competitive antagonist
3.an agonist
4.an inverse agonist
5.an antimetabolite Answer c: an agonist 1. The total number of receptor binding sites in a preparation and the binding equilibrium constant can be determined from a 1.total binding versus drug concentration curve
2.dose-response curve
3.Hill-Langmuir equation
4.Scatchard plot
5.Schild plot Answer d: Scatchard plot 1. Receptor desensitization typically results from 1.endocytosis of receptors
2.exposure to an inverse agonist
3.irreversible agonist binding
4.spare receptors
5.phosphorylation of receptor protein Answer e: phosphorylation of receptor protein Chapter 3: How drugs act: molecular aspects MULTIPLE CHOICE 1.The Jak/Stat pathway of signal transduction responds to activation by 1.acetylcholine
2.steroid hormones
3.human growth hormone
4.cytokines
5.epinephrine Answer d: cytokines 1.In the growth factor kinase cascade, Map (mitogen-activated protein) kinase acts to phosphorylate 1.DNA
2.transcription factors
3.cyclic AMP
4.ion channels 5.transport proteins Answer b: transcription factors 1.Which second messenger in a G-protein coupled receptor signal transduction cascade typically increases intracellular calcium? 1.cyclic GMP
2.cyclic AMP
3.diacylglycerol
4.arachidonic acid
5.inositol triphosphate Answer e: inositol triphosphate 1.Which signal transduction pathway is most important in cell division, growth, and differentiation? 1.beta-adrenoceptor signal pathways
2.phospholipase C pathways
3.Ras/Raf/Map kinase
4.eicosanoid signal pathways
5.guanylate cyclic signal pathways Answer c: Ras/Raf/Map kinase 1.Coupling of a G-protein alpha subunit to an agonist-occupied receptor initially leads to 1.activation of the beta-gamma complex
2.hydrolysis of GTP
3.activation of adenylate cyclase
4.exchange of bound GDP with GTP
5.dissociation of the alpha-subunit from the receptor Answer d: exchange of bound GDP with GTP 1.The nicotinic receptor is an example of a 1.G-protein coupled receptor
2.ligand-gated ion channel
3.tyrosine-kinase linked receptor
4.cytokine receptor
5.transport protein Answer b: ligand-gated ion channel 1.In G-protein coupled receptor signal transduction, protein kinase A is typically activated by 1.inositol triphosphate
2.ATP
3.cyclic AMP
4.cyclic GMP
5.diacylglycerol Answer c: cyclic AMP 1.An agonist for a ligand-gated ion channel typically 1.increases channel conductance
2.arsenical compounds
3.quinine
4.sulfonamides
5.calomel Answer b: arsenical compounds 1.Morphine was isolated from opium by 1.Paul Ehrlich
2.Gerhard Domagk
3.Friedrich Sertürner
4.Rudolf Buchheim
5.Henry Dale Answer c: Friedrich Sertürner 1.The use of genetic information to guide the choice of drug therapy is called 1.pharmacoepidemiology
2.pharmacogenetics
3.biotechnology
4.pharmacogenomics
5.pharmacoeconomics Answer d: pharmacogenomics Chapter 2: How drugs act: general principles MULTIPLE CHOICE 1.The concentration of a drug required to occupy 50 percent of its receptor sites is 1.the concentration required to produce the maximum physiological effect
2.directly proportional to the drug’s affinity for its receptor
3.inversely proportional to the drug’s affinity for its receptor
4.directly proportional to the drug’s intrinsic efficacy
5.usually determined with the Schild equation Answer c: inversely proportional to the drug’s affinity for its receptor 1.In the presence of a competitive antagonist, the agonist log-concentration effect curve is 1.shifted to the right without a change in slope or maximum effect
2.shifted to the left without a change in slope or maximum effect
3.shifted to the right with a decreased slope and maximum effect
4.shifted to the left with a decreased slope and maximum effect
5.not shifted right or left but shows a decreased maximum effect Answer a: shifted to the right without a change in slope or maximum effect 1.The magnitude of the response to a drug is related to the 1.total number of receptors for the drug
2.number of receptors occupied by the drug
3.number of vacant receptors in the tissue
4.number of spare receptors in the tissue
5.number of phosphorylated receptors in the tissue Answer b: number of receptors occupied by the drug 1.The Schild equation shows that the concentration ratio of an agonist required to occupy the same number of
receptors in the absence and presence of a competitive antagonist is determined by the 1.equilibrium constant of the agonist
2.affinity of the agonist for its receptor
3.equilibrium constant of the antagonist
4.total number of available receptors
5.number of spare receptors in the tissue Answer c: equilibrium constant of the antagonist 1.A partial agonist is typically a drug that 1.has low affinity for its receptor
2.can only occupy a small fraction of its receptors
3.can only produce a submaximal response
4.requires high doses to produce a maximal response
5.increases the number of spare receptors Answer c: can only produce a submaximal response 1.A type of drug that reduces the slope and maximum response of an agonist is 1.a non-competitive antagonist
2.a competitive antagonist
3.a physiologic antagonist
4.an inverse agonist
5.a partial agonist Answer a: a non-competitive antagonist 1.Drugs that form covalent bonds with their receptors are usually 1.reversible competitive antagonists
2.irreversible competitive antagonists
3.partial agonists
4.inverse agonists
5.inverse antagonists Answer b: irreversible competitive antagonists 1.A gradual decrease in the number of drug receptors is most likely to result from exposure to 1.a competitive antagonist
2.a non-competitive antagonist
3.an agonist
4.an inverse agonist
5.an antimetabolite Answer c: an agonist 1. The total number of receptor binding sites in a preparation and the binding equilibrium constant can be determined from a 1.total binding versus drug concentration curve
2.dose-response curve
3.Hill-Langmuir equation
4.Scatchard plot
5.Schild plot Answer d: Scatchard plot 1. Receptor desensitization typically results from 1.endocytosis of receptors
2.exposure to an inverse agonist
3.irreversible agonist binding
4.spare receptors
5.phosphorylation of receptor protein Answer e: phosphorylation of receptor protein Chapter 3: How drugs act: molecular aspects MULTIPLE CHOICE 1.The Jak/Stat pathway of signal transduction responds to activation by 1.acetylcholine
2.steroid hormones
3.human growth hormone
4.cytokines
5.epinephrine Answer d: cytokines 1.In the growth factor kinase cascade, Map (mitogen-activated protein) kinase acts to phosphorylate 1.DNA
2.transcription factors
3.cyclic AMP
4.ion channels 5.transport proteins Answer b: transcription factors 1.Which second messenger in a G-protein coupled receptor signal transduction cascade typically increases intracellular calcium? 1.cyclic GMP
2.cyclic AMP
3.diacylglycerol
4.arachidonic acid
5.inositol triphosphate Answer e: inositol triphosphate 1.Which signal transduction pathway is most important in cell division, growth, and differentiation? 1.beta-adrenoceptor signal pathways
2.phospholipase C pathways
3.Ras/Raf/Map kinase
4.eicosanoid signal pathways
5.guanylate cyclic signal pathways Answer c: Ras/Raf/Map kinase 1.Coupling of a G-protein alpha subunit to an agonist-occupied receptor initially leads to 1.activation of the beta-gamma complex
2.hydrolysis of GTP
3.activation of adenylate cyclase
4.exchange of bound GDP with GTP
5.dissociation of the alpha-subunit from the receptor Answer d: exchange of bound GDP with GTP 1.The nicotinic receptor is an example of a 1.G-protein coupled receptor
2.ligand-gated ion channel
3.tyrosine-kinase linked receptor
4.cytokine receptor
5.transport protein Answer b: ligand-gated ion channel 1.In G-protein coupled receptor signal transduction, protein kinase A is typically activated by 1.inositol triphosphate
2.ATP
3.cyclic AMP
4.cyclic GMP
5.diacylglycerol Answer c: cyclic AMP 1.An agonist for a ligand-gated ion channel typically 1.increases channel conductance
