A-level PSYCHOLOGY Paper 2 Psychology in context JUNE 2022

AQA A-level PSYCHOLOGY Paper 2 Psychology in context Time allowed: 2 hours Materials For this paper you may use: • a calculator. Instructions • Use black ink or black ball-point pen. • Fill in the boxes at the top of this page. • Answer all questions. You must answer the questions in the spaces provided. Do not write outside the box around each page or on blank pages. • If you need extra space for your answer(s), use the lined pages at the end of this book. Write the question number against your answer(s). • Do all rough work in this book. Cross through any work you do not want to be marked. Information • The marks for questions are shown in brackets. • The maximum mark for this paper is 96. • Questions should be answered in continuous prose. You will be assessed on your ability to: – use good English – organise information clearly – use specialist vocabulary where appropriate. 7182/2 Section A Approaches in psychology Answer all questions in this section. box 0 1 Describe psychosexual stages as outlined in the psychodynamic approach. [6 marks] Extra space 0 2 At a local school, teachers took part in Active Lifestyle Week to encourage students to become more active. The week involved daily staff netball matches during breaktimes and a step count challenge. Two of the teachers were talking at the end of the week. Miss Honey said, “That was such a great week! I felt proud to win the staff step count challenge and receive the medal in assembly and demonstrate the joy of sport. My students loved watching us compete, I really think it will inspire them to be more active themselves!” Mrs Wilson replied, “It’s alright for you, you’re young and the students like you. My students were so embarrassed to see me tripping over in netball. I think I may have put them off sport forever!” Apart from mediational processes, use your knowledge of social learning theory to explain Miss Honey’s and Mrs Wilson’s comments. [6 marks] Extra space Turn over ► 0 3 Whether or not students learn to be more active could depend on mediational processes. Explain how mediational processes might be involved in the students becoming more active. [4 marks] Discuss self-actualisation and/or conditions of worth in explaining human behaviour. [8 marks] Extra space Turn over ► Section B Biopsychology Answer all questions in this section. box Only one answer per question is allowed. For each question completely fill in the circle alongside the appropriate answer. CORRECT METHOD WRONG METHODS If you want to change your answer you must cross out your original answer as shown. If you wish to return to an answer previously crossed out, ring the answer you now wish to select as shown. 0 5 Which of the following neurons carries electrical impulses towards the brain? Shade one box only. [1 mark] A Interneuron B Motor neuron C Relay neuron D Sensory neuron 0 6 Which one of the following is not a way of studying the brain? Shade one box only. [1 mark] A Electrocardiogram (ECG) B Electroencephalogram (EEG) C Event-related potentials (ERPs) D Functional magnetic resonance imaging (fMRI) *07* Turn over ► 0 7 Describe the divisions of the nervous system. [6 marks] Extra space *0* 0 8 Discuss localisation of function in the brain. [16 marks] You may use this space to plan your answer. Turn over ► Extra space Turn over ► Section C Research methods Answer all questions in this section. box A controlled observation was designed to compare the social behaviours of pre-school children of working parents and pre-school children of stay-at-home parents. The sample consisted of 100 children aged three, who were observed separately. Half of the children had working parents and the other half had stay-at-home parents. The observation took place in a room which looked like a nursery, with a variety of toys available. In the room, there were four children and one supervising adult. Their behaviour was not recorded. Each child participant was brought into the room and settled by their parent. The parent then left to sit outside. Each child participant’s behaviour was observed covertly for five minutes while they played in the room. The observation was conducted in a controlled environment and a standardised script was used when the children and their parents arrived. 0 9 Explain why the researcher used a controlled observation and a standardised script in this study. [4 marks] Identify one limitation of controlled observations. [1 mark] Turn over ►