Bestest notes for gate aerospace 2023 with solved numerical problems

Atmosphere: Properties, standard atmosphere. Classification of aircraft. Airplane (fixed wing aircraft) configuration and various parts. Pressure altitude; equivalent, calibrated, indicated air speeds; Primary flight instruments: Altimeter, ASI, VSI, Turn-bank indicator. Angle of attack, sideslip; Roll, pitch & yaw controls. Aerodynamic forces and moments. Airplane Performance: Drag polar; take-off and landing; steady climb and descent; absolute and service ceiling; range and endurance, load factor, turning flight, V-n diagram. Winds: head, tail and cross winds. Static Stability: Stability and control derivatives; longitudinal stick fixed and free stability; horizontal tail position and size; directional stability, vertical tail position and size; lateral stability. Wing dihedral, sweep & position; hinge moments, stick forces. Special Topics: Dynamic stability: Euler angles; Equations of motion; Decoupling of longitudinal and lateral-directional dynamics; longitudinal modes; lateral-directional modes. Section 3: Space Dynamics Core Topics: Central force motion, determination of trajectory and orbital period in simple cases. Kepler’s laws; escape velocity. No Special Topics: Section 4: Aerodynamics Core Topics: Basic Fluid Mechanics: Conservation laws: Mass, momentum and energy (Integral and differential form); Dimensional analysis and dynamic similarity; Potential Flow Theory: sources, sinks, doublets, line vortex and their superposition. Elementary ideas of viscous flows including boundary layers. Airfoils and Wings: Airfoil nomenclature; Aerodynamic coefficients: lift, drag and moment; KuttaJoukoswki theorem; Thin airfoil theory, Kutta condition, starting vortex; Finite wing theory: Induced drag, Prandtl lifting line theory; Critical and drag divergence Mach number. Compressible Flows: Basic concepts of compressibility, One-dimensional compressible flows, Isentropic flows, Fanno flow, Rayleigh flow; Normal and oblique shocks, Prandtl-Meyer flow; Flow through nozzles and diffusers. Special Topics: Wind Tunnel Testing: Measurement and visualization techniques. Shock - boundary layer interaction. Section 5: Structures Core Topics: Strength of Materials: Stress and strain: Three-dimensional transformations, Mohr’s circle, principal stresses, Three-dimensional Hooke's law, Plane stress and strain. Failure theories: Maximum stress, Tresca von Mises. Strain energy. Castigliano’s principles. Statically determinate and indeterminate trusses and beams. Elastic flexural buckling of columns. Flight Vehicle Structures: Characteristics of aircraft structures and materials. Torsion, bending and shear of thin-walled sections. Loads on aircraft. Structural Dynamics: Free and forced vibrations of undamped and damped SDOF systems. Free vibrations of undamped 2-DOF systems. Special Topics: Vibration of beams. Theory of elasticity: Equilibrium and compatibility equations, Airy’s stress function. Section 6: Propulsion Core Topics: Basics: Thermodynamics, boundary layers, heat transfer, combustion and thermo chemistry. Aerothermodynamics of Aircraft Engines: Thrust, efficiency, range. Brayton cycle. Engine Performance: ramjet, turbojet, turbofan, turboprop and turboshaft engines. After burners. Turbomachinery: Axial compressors: Angular momentum, work and compression, characteristic performance of a single axial compressor stage, efficiency of the compressor and degree of reaction, multi-staging. Centrifugal Compressor: Stage dynamics, inducer, impeller and diffuser. Axial Turbines: Stage performance. Rockets: Thrust equation and specific impulse, rocket performance. Multi-staging. Chemical rockets. Performance of solid and liquid propellant rockets. Special Topics: Aerothermodynamics of non-rotating propulsion components such as intakes, combustor and nozzle. Turbine blade cooling. Compressor-turbine matching, Surge and stall.