ADVANCED PATHOPHYSIOLOGY QUIZ 1-NURS 6501 WALDEN UNIVERSITY WITH 100% CORRECT ANSWERS

A runner has depleted all the oxygen available for muscle energy. Which of the following will facilitate his continued muscle performance? CORRECT ANSWER Answer: Anaerobic glycolysis What causes the rapid change in the resting membrane potential that initiates an action potential? CORRECT ANSWER Answer: Sodium gates open, and sodium rushes into the cell, changing the membrane potential from negative to positive. A 12-year-old male is diagnosed with Klinefelter syndrome. His karyotype would reveal which of the following? CORRECT ANSWER Answer: XXY A nurse is reviewing the pedigree chart. When checking for a proband, what is the nurse looking for? CORRECT ANSWER Answer: The person who is first diagnosed with a genetic disease An aide asks the nurse why people who have neurofibromatosis will show varying degrees of the disease. Which genetic principle should the nurse explain to the aide? CORRECT ANSWER Answer: Expressivity In teaching a patient with cirrhosis, which information should the nurse include regarding cholesterol? CORRECT ANSWER Answer: Cholesterol decreases the membrane fluidity of the erythrocyte, which reduces its ability to carry oxygen. A 15-year-old female is diagnosed with Prader-Willi syndrome. This condition is an example of: CORRECT ANSWER Answer: Gene imprinting When a patient asks what causes cystic fibrosis, how should the nurse respond? Cystic fibrosis is caused by an _____ gene CORRECT ANSWER Answer: Autosomal recessive How are potassium and sodium transported across plasma membranes? CORRECT ANSWER Answer: By adenosine triphosphate enzyme (ATPase) The nurse would be correct in identifying the predominant extracellular cation as: CORRECT ANSWER Answer: Sodium The early dilation (swelling) of the cell's endoplasmic reticulum results in: CORRECT ANSWER Answer: Reduced protein synthesis