HESI V5 EXITEXAM QUESTIONS AND ANSWERS 100% CORRECT

HESI EXIT V5 EXAM [Document subtitle]   1. The nurse is has just admitted a client with severe depression. From which focus should the nurse identify a priority nursing diagnosis? 2. While explaining an illness to a 10 year-old, what should the nurse keep in mind about the cognitive development at this age? 3. The nurse enters the room as a 3 year-old is having a generalized seizure. Which intervention should the nurse do first? 4. The nurse is reviewing a depressed client's history from an earlier admission. Documentation of anhedonia is noted. The nurse understands that this finding refers to 5. A client has just returned to the medical-surgical unit following a segmental lung resection. After assessing the client, the first nursing action would be to 6. While assessing a client in an outpatient facility with a panic disorder, the nurse completes a thorough health history and physical exam. Which finding is most significant for this client? 7. A 16 month-old child has just been admitted to the hospital. As the nurse assigned to this child enters the hospital room for the first time, the toddler runs to the mother, clings to her and begins to cry. What would be the initial action by the nurse? 8. A 15 year-old client with a lengthy confining illness is at risk for altered growth and development of which task? 9. Which playroom activities should the nurse organize for a small group of 7 year-old hospitalized children? 10. The nurse is discussing dietary intake with an adolescent who has acne. The most appropriate statement for the nurse is 11. The nurse is assigned to a newly delivered woman with HIV/AIDS. The student asks the nurse about how it is determined that a person has AIDS other than a positive HIV test. The nurse responds 12. The nurse is caring for a child who has just returned from surgery following a tonsillectomy and adenoidectomy. Which action by the nurse is appropriate? 13. A 23 year-old single client is in the 33rd week of her first pregnancy. She tells the nurse that she has everything ready for the baby and has made plans for the first weeks together at home. Which normal emotional reaction does the nurse recognize? 14. The nurse is planning care for a client with pneumococcal pneumonia. Which of the following would be most effective in removing respiratory secretions? The correct answer is B: Increasing oral fluid intake to 3000 cc per day 15. The nurse in a well-child clinic examines many children on a daily basis. Which of the following toddlers requires further follow up? 16. Which of the following would be the best strategy for the nurse to use when teaching insulin injection techniques to a newly diagnosed client with diabetes? 17. A client has developed thrombophlebitis of the left leg. Which nursing intervention should be given the highest priority? 18. A nurse from the surgical department is reassigned to the pediatric unit. The charge nurse should recognize that the child at highest risk for cardiac arrest and is the least likely to be assigned to this nurse is which child? 19. A home health nurse is at the home of a client with diabetes and arthritis. The client has difficulty drawing up insulin. It would be most appropriate for the nurse to refer the client to 20. A priority goal of involuntary hospitalization of the severely mentally ill client is 21. The nurse is caring for a client with a long leg cast. During discharge teaching about appropriate exercises for the affected extremity, the nurse should recommend A) Isometric B) Range of motion C) Aerobic D) Isotonic The correct answer is A: Isometric 22. The nurse is teaching parents about the treatment plan for a 2 weeks-old infant with Tetralogy of Fallot. While awaiting future surgery, the nurse instructs the parents to immediately report A) Loss of consciousness B) Feeding problems C) Poor weight gain D) Fatigue with crying The correct answer is A: Loss of consciousness 23. A client is scheduled for an Intravenous Pyelogram (IVP). In order to prepare the client for this test, the nurse would A) Instruct the client to maintain a regular diet the day prior to the examination B) Restrict the client's fluid intake 4 hours prior to the examination C) Administer a laxative to the client the evening before the examination D) Inform the client that only 1 x-ray of his abdomen is necessary The correct answer is C: Administer a laxative to the client the evening before the examination 24. The nurse is caring for a woman 2 hours after a vaginal delivery. Documentation indicates that the membranes were ruptured for 36 hours prior to delivery. What is the priority nursing diagnoses at this time? A) Altered tissue perfusion B) Risk for fluid volume deficit C) High risk for hemorrhage D) Risk for infection The correct answer is D: Risk for infection 25. The parents of a newborn male with hypospadias want their child circumcised. The best response by the nurse is to inform them that A) Circumcision is delayed so the foreskin can be used for the surgical repair B) This procedure is contraindicated because of the permanent defect C) There is no medical indication for performing a circumcision on any child D) The procedure should be performed as soon as the infant is stable The correct answer is A: Circumcision is delayed so the foreskin can be used for the surgical repair 26. The nurse is caring for a client in the late stages of Amyotrophic Lateral Sclerosis (A.L.S.). Which finding would the nurse expect? A) Confusion B) Loss of half of visual field C) Shallow respirations D) Tonic-clonic seizures The correct answer is C: Shallow respirations 27. A client complained of nausea, a metallic taste in her mouth, and fine hand tremors 2 hours after her first dose of lithium carbonate (Lithane). What is the nurse’s best explanation of these findings? A) These side effects are common and should subside in a few days B) The client is probably having an allergic reaction and should discontinue the drug C) Taking the lithium on an empty stomach should decrease these symptoms D) Decreasing dietary intake of sodium and fluids should minimize the side effects The correct answer is A: These side effects are common and should subside in a few days 28. A 57 year-old male client has a hemoglobin of 10 mg/dl and a hematocrit of 32%. What would be the most appropriate follow-up by the home care nurse? A) Ask the client if he has noticed any bleeding or dark stools B) Tell the client to call 911 and go to the emergency department immediately C) Schedule a repeat Hemoglobin and Hematocrit in 1 month D) Tell the client to schedule an appointment with a hematologist The correct answer is A: Ask the client if he has noticed any bleeding or dark stools 29. A client is scheduled for a percutaneous transluminal coronary angioplasty (PTCA). The nurse knows that a PTCA is the A) Surgical repair of a diseased coronary artery B) Placement of an automatic internal cardiac defibrillator C) Procedure that compresses plaque against the wall of the diseased coronary artery to improve blood flow D) Non-invasive radiographic examination of the heart The correct answer is C: Procedure that compresses plaque against the wall of the diseased coronary artery to improve blood flow 30. For a 6 year-old child hospitalized with moderate edema and mild hypertension associated with acute glomerulonephritis (AGN), which one of the following nursing interventions would be appropriate? A) Institute seizure precautions B) Weigh the child twice per shift C) Encourage the child to eat protein-rich foods D) Relieve boredom through physical activity The correct answer is A: Institute seizure precautions 31. Following mitral valve replacement surgery a client develops PVC’s. The health care provider orders a bolus of Lidocaine followed by a continuous Lidocaine infusion at a rate of 2 mgm/minute. The IV solution contains 2 grams of Lidocaine in 500 cc’s of D5W. The infusion pump delivers 60 micro drops/cc. What rate would deliver 4 mgm of Lidocaine/ minute? A) 60 microdrops/minute B) 20 microdrops/minute C) 30 microdrops/minute D) 40 microdrops/minute The correct answer is A: 60 microdrops/minute 2 gm=2000 mgm 2000 mgm/500 cc = 4 mgm/x cc 2000x = 2000 x= 2000/2000 = 1 cc of IV solution/minute CC x 60 microdrops = 60 microdrops/minute 32. An adolescent client comes to the clinic 3 weeks after the birth of her first baby. She tells the nurse she is concerned because she has not returned to her pre-pregnant weight. Which action should the nurse perform first? A) Review the client's weight pattern over the year B) Ask the mother to record her diet for the last 24 hours C) Encourage her to talk about her view of herself D) Give her several pamphlets on postpartum nutrition The correct answer is C: Encourage her to talk about her view of herself 33. To prevent a valsalva maneuver in a client recovering from an acute myocardial infarction, the nurse would A) Assist the client to use the bedside commode B) Administer stool softeners every day as ordered C) Administer anti dysrhythmics prn as ordered D) Maintain the client on strict bed rest The correct answer is B: Administer stool softeners every day as ordered 34. A 3 year-old had a hip spica cast applied 2 hours ago. In order to facilitate drying, the nurse should A) Expose the cast to air and turn the child frequently B) Use a heat lamp to reduce the drying time C) Handle the cast with the abductor bar D) Turn the child as little as possible The correct answer is A: Expose the cast to air and turn the child frequently 35. The nurse is caring for a 13 year-old following spinal fusion for scoliosis. Which of the following interventions is appropriate in the immediate postoperative period? A) Raise the head of the bed at least 30 degrees B) Encourage ambulation within 24 hours C) Maintain in a flat position, logrolling as needed D) Encourage leg contraction and relaxation after 48 hours The correct answer is C: Maintain in a flat position, logrolling as needed 36. A client was admitted to the psychiatric unit after complaining to her friends and family that neighbors have bugged her home in order to hear all of her business. She remains aloof from other clients, paces the floor and believes that the hospital is a house of torture. Nursing interventions for the client should appropriately focus on efforts to A) Convince the client that the hospital staff is trying to help B) Help the client to enter into group recreational activities C) Provide interactions to help the client learn to trust staff D) Arrange the environment to limit the client’s contact with other clients The correct answer is C: Provide interactions to help the client learn to trust staff 37. The nurse is assessing an infant with developmental dysplasia of the hip. Which finding would the nurse anticipate? A) Unequal leg length B) Limited adduction C) Diminished femoral pulses D) Symmetrical gluteal folds The correct answer is A: Unequal leg length 38. A nurse is caring for a 2 year-old child after corrective surgery for Tetralogy of Fallot. The mother reports that the child has suddenly begun seizing. The nurse recognizes this problem is probably due to A) A cerebral vascular accident B) Postoperative meningitis C) Medication reaction D) Metabolic alkalosis The correct answer is A: A cerebral vascular accident 39. Following a diagnosis of acute glomerulonephritis (AGN) in their 6 year-old child, the parents remark: “We just don’t know how he caught the disease!” The nurse's response is based on an understanding that A) AGN is a streptococcal infection that involves the kidney tubules B) The disease is easily transmissible in schools and camps C) The illness is usually associated with chronic respiratory infections D) It is not