JMU Bio 140 Exam 3 | 211 Questions with 100% Correct Answers

JMU Bio 140 Exam 3 | 211 Questions with 100% Correct Answers Acetyl-CoA enters into what? Correct Answer: citric acid cycle What do all cells require? Correct Answer: -a way to encode/transmit information -a membrane separating inside from out -energy What does Adenosine Triphosphate (ATP) do? Correct Answer: provides energy in a form that all cells can readily use to perform the work of the cell Where does the molecule ATP contain energy? Correct Answer: in its chemical bonds What part of ATP has high energy potential? Correct Answer: phosphate group All organisms are split into what two basic categories? Correct Answer: -phototrophs -chemotrophs Phototrophs get energy from where? Correct Answer: sunlight Chemotrophs get energy from what? Correct Answer: chemical compounds What are the two types of ways organisms receive carbon? Correct Answer: -autotrophs -heterotrophs Autotrophs receive carbon from where? Correct Answer: inorganic sources Heterotrophs receive carbon from where? Correct Answer: organic compounds Define metabolism Correct Answer: building up and breaking down of carbon sources What are the two types of metabolism? Correct Answer: -catabolism -anabolism Does catabolism produce or require ATP? Correct Answer: produces Does anabolism produce or require ATP? Correct Answer: requires What are examples of work which metabolism helps with in the cell? Correct Answer: -synthesizing DNA, RNA, and proteins -moving vesicles in a cell -pumping substances across membranes Define kinetic energy Correct Answer: energy in motion What are forms of kinetic energy? Correct Answer: -movement -light -electricity -thermal energy Define potential energy Correct Answer: stored energy Potential energy depends on what two things? Correct Answer: structure and position Potential energy can be released when what happens? Correct Answer: structure or position is changed Chemical energy is a form of what type of energy? Correct Answer: potential Strong bonds have ________ potential energy than weak bonds. Correct Answer: less Why are phosphate bonds so weak? Correct Answer: the negatively charged oxygens repel one another What is the first law of thermodynamics? Correct Answer: energy is neither created nor destroyed, it simply changes from one form to another How would you calculate the kinetic energy of a ball which rolled down the steps? Correct Answer: potential energy at the top minus the potential energy at the bottom of the stairs How is energy released in electrons? Correct Answer: heat or lights Define the second law of thermodynamic Correct Answer: the amount of disorder (entropy) increases when energy is transformed -> some energy is unable to do work Define entropy Correct Answer: A measure of disorder or randomness (energy not available to do work) In the universe, the degree of disorder can only _________? Correct Answer: increase Define gibbs free energy Correct Answer: energy available to do work ∆G= what Correct Answer: G products-G reactants