NASP Praxis Practice Exam questions correctly answered 2022

NASP Praxis Practice Exam questions correctly answered 2022According to the United States Census Bureau, which minority group will be the largest among school-age students in 2050? Hispanics. While the growth rate in the Asian and Pacific Islander population is expected to be the greatest, Hispanics will be, by far, the largest minority group among school-age students, comprising almost 30 percent of that population. Establishing and maintaining productive working relationships between families and schools to facilitate student learning is called... Home-school collaboration. Home-school collaboration is defined as establishing and maintaining productive working relationships between families and schools to facilitate student learning. Within a multimethod model of assessment, child interviews are most helpful for which purpose? Establishing rapport and to better understand the child's perspective on the issue. An individual or group acquires the cultural traits of a dominant group through the process of... Assimilation. Individuals or groups from different backgrounds take on characteristics of the majority culture through assimilation, as their language and culture begin to resemble those of the larger group. Which of the following strategies can teachers use to increase resilience in students? Encouraging students to help others daily; teaching that change is a normal part of life; helping students develop and maintain routines. Regularly helping others, accepting change, and keeping routines are all ways of increasing resilience, but working without breaks decreases resilience. The school psychologist is attending a meeting for Miguel, a kindergarten student who has been refusing to come to school. The teacher reports that when Miguel does come to school he frequently complains of not feeling well and asks to go home. Of the following options, which should be explored first and would likely result in the most favorable outcome for Miguel? Contacting Miguel's parents to discuss the problem and develop interventions. Research shows that the more schools reach out and engage parents, the more they experience increased attendance. Contacting the parents and discussing the situation may provide insight as to why the child is avoiding school, and will involve the parents as important members of the team. Also, by including the parents, a relationship may develop so the parents feel comfortable sharing important information with the team about the child's home life. Which of the following is an example of observer drift? A school psychologist unintentionally changes the standards being used to code a behavior over time. Observer drift occurs when, over a period of time, there is an unintentional, systematic change in the operative definition of the behaviors that are being observed. Ms. Mason is a school psychologist who is new to an area with a large Haitian population. She wants to ensure that she is culturally sensitive to the Haitian American students with whom she will be working. Which of the following is the most effective way for Ms. Mason to bridge the cultural gap? Consult with a culture broker for advice and to facilitate interaction with the community. A culture broker can provide information about how cultural practices affect educational needs and can serve as an intermediary between the school psychologist and the community. Culture brokers help school psychologists to adjust their style of communication to match that of the families with whom they work, thereby increasing rapport and the likelihood of success with proposed interventions. Competence enhancement approaches are very effective for preventing substance abuse in schools because they... Teach generic skills for coping with life. Competence enhancement approaches provide students with coping skills to inoculate them against the temptation of using drugs and alcohol as an escape from difficulties. All of the following types of thinking are considered specific problem-solving skills that relate to a child's ability to adjust in everyday social situations EXCEPT... Problem-solving skills that relate to adjustment include alternative-solutions thinking, or the ability to come up with unrelated solutions to a problem; means-end thinking, or awareness of the intermediate steps required to achieve a particular goal; consequential thinking, or the ability to identify what may happen as a direct result of acting in a particular way or choosing a particular solution; and causal thinking, or the ability to relate one event to another over time and to understand why one event led to a particular action. Inconsequential thinking does not contribute to everyday adjustment. All of the following are challenges that a school psychologist faces when assessing infants and toddlers EXCEPT... Establishing behavioral objectives appropriate for such young ages. It can be challenging for a school psychologist to get young children to follow rigid assessment protocols, pay attention for long periods of time, and work with an unfamiliar adult. However, behavioral objectives appropriate for these ages have been established. On a parent-support website parents of a fourth-grade student with attention-deficit/hyperactivity disorder (ADHD) have found a self-management intervention that helps students manage their schoolwork. The parents ask the school psychologist if they should implement the intervention with their child. Which of the following describes the school psychologist's best course of action? Exploring the professional literature to evaluate the effectiveness of the intervention among children with similar characteristics. In this scenario, the best course of action the school psychologist can take is to read the literature on the intervention and determine if there is enough research to prove the intervention is effective. Ms. Gillem, a fifth-grade teacher, is concerned about Elizabeth, a student in her class. Elizabeth has always been an excellent student, but lately her grades have slipped slightly and she has been talking to other students during class time. Ms. Gillem tells the school psychologist that she thinks Elizabeth is bored and not challenged by the material. Which of the following is the school psychologist's best approach to address the situation? Assessing Elizabeth with an individual intelligence test to see if she should be in a gifted-education program. Elizabeth has been an outstanding student. Her conversations with other students may be an indication that she is not being challenged enough by the current curriculum. An individual intelligence test will indicate whether Elizabeth meets the criteria for inclusion in the gifted-education program. In child therapy, the primary goal of rational emotive behavior therapy (REBT) is to teach a child... To identify and change irrational beliefs underlying psychological difficulties. The primary goal of rational emotive behavior therapy is to teach children to identify and change irrational beliefs underlying psychological difficulties so that they can view themselves and others in a sensible and rational manner. The cognitive ability of conservation is demonstrated by which of the following tasks? A student is shown a ball of clay. A teacher flattens the ball of clay and asks the student if there is more, less, or the same amount of clay. A student is shown two rows of pennies, with seven pennies each, evenly spaced. The teacher alters the second row so that the pennies are closer together than in the first row. The teacher asks whether there are the same number of pennies in each row. According to the American Psychological Association's Ethical Principles of Psychologists and Code of Conduct, when a psychologist obtains permission from parents or guardians to conduct an assessment of a child, the school psychologist is complying with which of the following principles? Informed consent. When a school psychologist obtains permission from parents or guardians to conduct an assessment, the psychologist is seeking informed consent. Which of the following is a teaching approach that promotes high levels of academic engagement and prevents off-task and disruptive behaviors? Proactive classroom management. Proactive classroom management is the only option that is preventative and not reactive. According to the National Association of School Psychologists (NASP), proactive classroom management involves the careful planning of lessons, assessments, and disciplinary procedures, and promotes student success by emphasizing student involvement and allowing students to make curricular choices. The school psychologist is considering intervention options for a student who never talks during class, lunch, or recess. The teacher is having difficulty assessing the student's knowledge. At home, the student talks in front of immediate family members when in the house only. The parents are frustrated and feel the student is purposely being defiant. Which of the following should be the psychologist's first step to address the issue? Implementing strategies aimed at reducing anxiety. It is likely that the student has selective mutism, which is typically anxiety based and a reaction to social situations, not the result of a speech or language deficit. The best approach is to try to reduce anxiety, then pursue more aggressive options if there is no improvement. When deciding where to focus the school district's drop-out prevention efforts, the school psychologist should determine which students are most at risk of dropping out by... Considering student data that includes information on attendance, credits earned, and behavioral incidents. School psychologists can use data on poor attendance, too few credits earned, and high numbers of behavioral incidents to identify which students are at risk of dropping out. By focusing prevention efforts on these students, the drop-out rate should be reduced. Third grader Jia Li is referred to the Child Study Team due to concerns regarding low work-completion rates and off-task behavior during independent work time in math. One member of the team suggests an individual behavioral intervention, and another suggests a Tier 2 math intervention. The psychologist's best course of action is to... Ask questions about Jia Li's behavior under various conditions, and then conduct an assessment to determine whether the problem is academic or behavioral. Initially asking questions about Jia Li's behavior helps provide background for the assessment. The school psychologist should determine if the academic performance problem is due to a skills deficit (i.e., the child does not have the skills necessary to be successful on the task) or a performance deficit (i.e., the child has the skills but chooses not to use them). If a child does not have the academic skills, then an academic intervention is used, whereas if the child has the skills but does not use them regularly, behavioral intervention is more appropriate.