SLP Praxis Practice Test Exam with 100% Correct Answers 2022-23

Researchers often use cross-sectional studies to study children's development in various areas. What is a difficulty with cross-sectional studies? 1. The same subjects are studied over time, and this is expensive, time consuming, and difficult because subjects might drop out of the study. 2. The investigator is examining data already on file to answer questions about children in various age groups, and that data might not be reliable. 3. Observations are made of differences between subjects of different ages to generalize about developmental changes that would occur within subjects as they mature. 4. The total age span of children to be studied is divided into several overlapping age spans, and it is difficult to follow subjects from the lower to the upper end of each age span. - Correct answer-Observations are made of differences between subjects of different ages to generalize about developmental changes that would occur within subjects as they mature. Based on client observation, how can a clinician determine whether a client has normal disfluencies or abnormal dysfluencies? 1. Any presence of secondary behaviors 2. The presence of any prolongations 3. A pitch decrease during the moment of stuttering 4. Consistent rhythm and tone of a client's voice - Correct answer-1. Any presence of secondary behaviors Valentina, a 5-year-old Puerto Rican girl, was just added to your caseload. She was diagnosed with autism when she was 3 years old. Valentina shows resistance and aggressive behaviors, along with inattention. She also has many deficits in expressive and receptive language, as well as articulation problems. Since Valentina is a new client to the facility, you are looking to establish initial communication skills, such as words and phrases, grammatical morphemes, and articulation of speech sounds. You also wish to treat her using discrete trial methods in which target skills are taught with massed trials, as well as the use of modeling, prompting, and shaping throughout therapy. Which type of teaching would you be using when treating Valentina? 1. Direct teaching 2. Activity-based teaching 3. Incidental teaching 4. Naturalistic teaching - Correct answer-1. Direct teaching Which of the following statements is false? 1. Wernicke's area in the temporal lobe is critical to comprehending spoken language. 2. Wernicke's area is connected to Broca's area in the frontal lobe through the arcuate fasciculus. 3. The occipital lobe contains the primary visual cortex. 4. The angular gyrus in the occipital lobe is important for interpreting somesthetic sensations such as pain, touch, and temperature. - Correct answer-4. The angular gyrus in the occipital lobe is important for interpreting somesthetic sensations such as pain, touch, and temperature. A client comes to your office for an evaluation and provides you with reports from other professionals who have previously seen the client. How should you use this information? 1. The information most likely creates a biased view of a client's condition and should not be heavily considered. 2. You should consider the information but rely primarily on your own direct observation and evaluation results. 3. If the information identifies specific treatment options and alternatives, you should use these options and alternatives for the client. 4. The information is not legal to obtain because it is from another professional, which means you should not use it to help you evaluate your client. - Correct answer-2. You should consider the information but rely primarily on your own direct observation and evaluation results. There are two broad levels of human communication: verbal communication and nonverbal communication. Verbal communication uses words as symbols to exchange ideas. Nonverbal communication includes many behaviors that communicate with or without the associated production of symbols. Which of the following is not an example of nonverbal communication? 1. Facial expression 2. American Sign Language 3. Body language 4. Extralinguistic communication - Correct answer-2. American Sign Language When determining a child's mean length of utterance, the following should be considered two morphemes: 1. Present progressive -ing 2. Auxiliary verbs 3. Proper names 4. Fillers - Correct answer-1. Present progressive -ing In an educational setting, when is the curriculum for a student with a disability planned? 1. During the individualized education plan (IEP) meeting 2. During a meeting between the special education director and the parents 3. All education providers communicate through e-mail to explain what they will contribute to the curriculum. 4. It is not necessary to plan a curriculum for a student with a disability because curriculums for all disabilities have already been created. - Correct answer-1. During the individualized education plan (IEP) meeting When treating apraxia of speech (AOS), some clinicians teach clients to shape articulatory productions and capitalize on productions that are automatic. This technique includes the use of phoneme drills. What is this referred to as? 1. Voluntary control of involuntary utterances 2. Prompts for reconstructing oral muscular targets 3. Darley, Aronson, and Brown's (1975) procedure for AOS 4. Eight-step continuum treatment for AOS - Correct answer-3. Darley, Aronson, and Brown's (1975) procedure for AOS When treating tongue thrust, which of the following are the primary articulatory targets? /g/ /k/ /s/ /m/ /h/ /z/ /b/ - Correct answer-/s/ /z/ If a client is having difficulty producing a word with a vowel, it is important for the clinician to distinguish whether the vowel is tense or lax. What is the best way for a clinician to quickly discern a lax vowel from a tense vowel? 1. Look at whether the vowel is rounded or unrounded 2. Tense vowels are relatively long in duration 3. Lax vowels are relatively long in duration 4. Tense vowels are relatively short in duration - Correct answer-2. Tense vowels are relatively long in duration As a speech-language pathologist, how would you manage associated attentional problems for a client with cerebral palsy? 1. Teaching breath cycle to pattern the patient's breathing 2. Using behavioral treatment to address the attention deficit that the child may exhibit during sessions 3. Incorporating longer, less frequent therapy sessions 4. Providing longer treatment activities to hold the patient's attention - Correct answer-2. Using behavioral treatment to address the attention deficit that the child may exhibit during sessions How do most professionals generally categorize cerebral palsy? 1. Prenatal, perinatal, postnatal 2. Hemiplegia, monoplegia, diplegia 3. Hemiplegia, athetoid, postnatal 4. Ataxic, athetoid, spastic types - Correct answer-4. Ataxic, athetoid, spastic types Which of the following is not a typical age-related change in the larynx? 1. Hardening of the laryngeal cartilages 2. Velopharyngeal insufficiency 3. Degeneration and atrophy of the intrinsic laryngeal muscles 4. Degenerative changes in the lamina propria - Correct answer-2. Velopharyngeal insufficiency You are testing a child whose primary language is not English. You use the services of an interpreter. To facilitate accurate interpreting, all of the following are appropriate except: Speaking in short units with frequent pauses Encouraging the interpreter to interpret the client's words and meaning Providing the interpreter with the opportunity to ask for clarification when needed Looking at the interpreter rather than the client when speaking - Correct answer-Looking at the interpreter rather than the client when speaking Which of the following statements is false regarding Public Law 99-457? It increased federal support for services to children with disabilities 3 to 6 years of age and provided funding for infants and toddlers. It requires the development of individualized family service plans. It allows at-risk preschool children (not just those with documented disabilities) to be eligible for special education services. It requires states to report preschool children by disability category. - Correct answer-It requires states to report preschool children by disability category. A student is reviewing information for a final exam. She discusses in her study group that a cause of cerebral palsy involves _________: Injury to the cerebral oxygen levels during the prenatal or perinatal period Reduced glucose levels Injury to the limbic system Damage to the meninges - Correct answer-Injury to the cerebral oxygen levels during the prenatal or perinatal period Which of the following is the most common form of mixed cerebral palsy? Dyskinetic-athetoid Ataxic-dyskinetic Spastic-ataxic Spastic-dyskinetic - Correct answer-Spastic-dyskinetic A 2-month-old baby is being seen for an evaluation. The parents mention that it appears that the child is having problems with abdominal pain, intense crying, and clenched fists. The parents also mention that the child is drawing the knees to the stomach and arching the back when crying. When exploring the caregiver-infant attachment, it is important to know the temperament of the infant, because it is known that temperament affects the caregiver-infant attachment. It is possible that the child is experiencing: Regular schedules Routine meals Dysphagia Colic - Correct answer-Colic In developing a test with 100 items, a test developer correlates responses to the first 50 items with responses to the last 50 items. What is this intended to evaluate? Test-retest reliability Interjudge reliability Split-half reliability Parallel form reliability - Correct answer-Split-half reliability Which is not a primary objective of assessment for patients with disordered consciousness? Determine the patient's level of consciousness. Get a sense of the nature and severity of the patient's injuries. Consider environmental conditions. Estimate the patient's physical, behavioral, and cognitive recovery between time of injury and the time of assessment. - Correct answer-Consider environmental conditions. Hilda Sorenson, a 28-year old college student is having difficulties with breathing. She complains of wheezing, coughing, and shortness of breath. The physician recommends ____________ which is a pulmonary function test that measures how much air she can breathe in and out of the lungs. The physician mentions to Hilda that the test also measures how fast and easily she is able to blow air out of the lungs. bronchoscopy pulse oximetry spirometry Bronchoprovocation - Correct answer-spirometry You have been asked to counsel with John, a 70-year-old man who has smoked and drank alcohol since he was a teenager. He now has laryngeal cancer, and, before surgery, the surgeon asks you to talk with John about esophageal speech. You explain to John that there are two basic types of esophageal speech. In one method, the patient is taught to keep the esophagus open and relaxed while inhaling rapidly. In the other method, the patient impounds the air in the oral cavity, pushes it back into the esophagus, and vibrates the cricopharyngeus muscle. What is the second method called? Inhalation method Laryngeal airway resistance method Inhalatory injection method Injection method - Correct answer-Injection method A speech-language pathologist in a rehabilitation setting is treating an adult. The goal of the clinician is to have the adult use a communication device to make sentences with the correct use of various basic grammatical concepts when describing a set of pictures. This is an example of which of the following goals? Long-term goal Unrealistic goal Isolated goal Integrated goal - Correct answer-Isolated goal Vijay, a 70-year-old man, attends a clinic for a hearing evaluation. After conducting testing, the audiologist mentions that a common cause of conductive hearing loss where there is a buildup of spongifying bone on the osseous labyrinth that immobilizes the footplate of the stapes and interferes with sound transmission to the inner ear is: Meniere's disease Otosclerosis Otitis media Acoustic neuroma - Correct answer-Otosclerosis This inherited condition is a neurological disorder characterized by uncontrolled vocal sounds and repeating involuntary movements: Treacher Collins syndrome Tourette syndrome Pierre-Robin syndrome Fragile X syndrome - Correct answer-Tourette syndrome In general, augmentative and alternative communication (AAC) symbols and techniques may be divided into which of the following two categories? Aided Unaided Rated Independent - Correct answer-Aided Unaided You have been asked to give an in-service to a group of students who wish to eventually specialize in service delivery to children with cleft palates and their families. The students want to know detailed information about in utero development of the hard and soft palates (among other things). You can accurately tell them that in utero the hard palate fuses between which developmental ages? 1-2 weeks 4-6 weeks 8-9 weeks 10-12 weeks - Correct answer-8-9 weeks In administering indirect therapy to reduce stuttering, parents are encouraged to give a signal to stop and then ask the child to start talking again. give a signal to stop, ask the child to describe the problem, and then let the child continue to talk. ask the child to keep quiet for 20 seconds before resuming speech. - Correct answerreduce their own rate of speech. While the cause of Parkinson's disease remains unknown, it is associated with a progressive decline in the concentration of which neurotransmitter in the brain? Serotonin Dopamine Norepinephrine Epinephrine - Correct answer-Dopamine You are treating a 76-year-old woman with dementia. The patient presents with confusion. The patient's daughter informs you that she would like you to provide suggestions that may improve the quality of her mother's life. You suggest a therapy that would include orientation information. This would include providing the patient with information about time, person, and place. You mention to the daughter that this may improve an understanding and awareness of the environment. You also suggest that this information should be provided to the patient at fixed times throughout the day; however, you inform the daughter that there is no guarantee that this technique will work. This treatment method is an example of reality orientation (RO). fast mapping therapy (FMT). simuated presence therapy (SPT). cognitive stimulation therapy (CST). - Correct answer-reality orientation (RO) When we assess English Learners (ELs) in the public schools for the presence of a communication disorder, we need to remember that federal law specifically mandates which of the following treatment guidelines? Only children with severe disabilities are entitled to a free and appropriate public education. Testing and evaluation materials must be provided and administered in the language or other mode of communication in which the child is most proficient. All students must be tested in English. The services of an interpreter must always be used, even if the student's dominant language is English. - Correct answer-Testing and evaluation materials must be provided and administered in the language or other mode of communication in which the child is most proficient. With regard to human communication, which of the following viewpoints engages in the study of social interaction among individuals and influence on the behaviors of others? Behavioral Analytical Theoretical Linguistic - Correct answer-Behavioral In June, you are asked to assess the language skills of Tony, a boy with Down syndrome. He is 4 years 9 months old, and his parents tell you that they want him to begin kindergarten in September, when he turns 5. You assess Tony's receptive and expressive language skills, and you find that he has an average mean length of utterance of 3.0. He has an expressive vocabulary of 300 words. He overregularizes past-tense inflections and sustains a topic of conversation approximately 20% of the time. What do you tell Tony's parents?