,This e-book follows the Cambridge International AS & A Level Chemistry
(9701) syllabus.
Copyright © 2022 Thasa Ratha
This e-book solely belongs to the rightful buyer and shall not be disseminated
to non-buyers. No part of this e-book shall be reproduced, distributed or
transmitted in any form or by any means, including photocopying, recording,
or other electronic methods, without the prior written permission of the
author.
, ∆𝑯 ⊖
𝒍𝒂𝒕𝒕 ∆𝑯 ⊖
𝒉𝒚𝒅 ∆𝑯 ⊖
𝒔𝒐𝒍 ∆𝑯 ⊖
𝒂𝒕
𝑵𝒂+ (𝒈) + 𝑪𝒍− (𝒈) → 𝑵𝒂𝑪𝒍(𝒔) 𝑪𝒍− (𝒈) + 𝒂𝒒 → 𝑪𝒍− (𝒂𝒒) 𝑴𝒈𝑪𝒍𝟐 (𝒔) + 𝒂𝒒 ⟶ 𝑴𝒈𝑪𝒍𝟐 (𝒂𝒒)
ALWAYS EXO Enthalpy change
WHEN ONE MOLE
AN IONIC A GASEOUS
IONIC SOLID
COMPOUND ION
∆𝑯 ⊖
𝒍𝒂𝒕𝒕 ∆𝑯 ⊖
𝒔𝒐𝒍
↓ ↑
↑ charge density (CD)
↑ STRONGER IONIC
BOND
More exo (more negative) for smaller size ions &
larger charge
THASA RATHA 1
, 𝚫𝐇𝑬𝑨𝟏
1. ENTHALPY CHANGE
2. when
3. 1 mol of e is added to
𝑬𝑨𝟏 is always exothermic Successive EA is endothermic
IN ONE MOLE
ONE MOLE
𝐸𝐴1 ATTRACTION BETWEEN THE
INCOMING E & NUCLEUS
𝑬𝑨𝟏
THASA RATHA 2
(9701) syllabus.
Copyright © 2022 Thasa Ratha
This e-book solely belongs to the rightful buyer and shall not be disseminated
to non-buyers. No part of this e-book shall be reproduced, distributed or
transmitted in any form or by any means, including photocopying, recording,
or other electronic methods, without the prior written permission of the
author.
, ∆𝑯 ⊖
𝒍𝒂𝒕𝒕 ∆𝑯 ⊖
𝒉𝒚𝒅 ∆𝑯 ⊖
𝒔𝒐𝒍 ∆𝑯 ⊖
𝒂𝒕
𝑵𝒂+ (𝒈) + 𝑪𝒍− (𝒈) → 𝑵𝒂𝑪𝒍(𝒔) 𝑪𝒍− (𝒈) + 𝒂𝒒 → 𝑪𝒍− (𝒂𝒒) 𝑴𝒈𝑪𝒍𝟐 (𝒔) + 𝒂𝒒 ⟶ 𝑴𝒈𝑪𝒍𝟐 (𝒂𝒒)
ALWAYS EXO Enthalpy change
WHEN ONE MOLE
AN IONIC A GASEOUS
IONIC SOLID
COMPOUND ION
∆𝑯 ⊖
𝒍𝒂𝒕𝒕 ∆𝑯 ⊖
𝒔𝒐𝒍
↓ ↑
↑ charge density (CD)
↑ STRONGER IONIC
BOND
More exo (more negative) for smaller size ions &
larger charge
THASA RATHA 1
, 𝚫𝐇𝑬𝑨𝟏
1. ENTHALPY CHANGE
2. when
3. 1 mol of e is added to
𝑬𝑨𝟏 is always exothermic Successive EA is endothermic
IN ONE MOLE
ONE MOLE
𝐸𝐴1 ATTRACTION BETWEEN THE
INCOMING E & NUCLEUS
𝑬𝑨𝟏
THASA RATHA 2
