Summary A-Level Chemistry Notes (AS) CAIE

,This e-book follows the Cambridge International AS & A Level Chemistry
(9701) syllabus.



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, ATOMIC STRUCTURE




ELECTRONS IN ATOMS



𝑒




Electrons in quantum shells further away from the nucleus have
more energy & are held less tightly to nucleus

𝒔 = 𝟐 𝒆 [𝟏 𝒐𝒓𝒃𝒊𝒕𝒂𝒍] 𝒑 = 𝟔 𝒆 [𝟑 𝒐𝒓𝒃𝒊𝒕𝒂𝒍] 𝒅 = 𝟏𝟎 𝒆 [𝟓 𝒐𝒓𝒃𝒊𝒕𝒂𝒍]

ATOMIC ORBITAL
REGION SPACE OUTSIDE NUCLEUS THAT CAN BE OCCUPIED BY ONE TWO e

s orbital p orbitals
(Spherical shape) (Hourglass shape)


THASA RATHA 1

, 𝟔𝒔𝟐
𝟏𝒔𝟐 𝟐𝒔𝟐 𝟐𝒑𝟔 𝟑𝒔𝟐 𝟑𝒑𝟔 𝟒𝒔𝟐 𝟑𝒅𝟏𝟎 𝟒𝒑𝟔 𝟓𝒔𝟐 𝟒𝒅𝟏𝟎 𝟓𝒑𝟔 𝟔𝒔𝟐




12. Block of an element corresponds to the type of orbital which receive the
last electron
13. When d-block elements lose 𝑒, 4s 𝑒 lose first before
3d



3d subshell is more stable when it is either half full or
completely full




THASA RATHA 2