WGU C785 Final Exam with All the Correct Answers

WGU C785 Final Exam with All the Correct Answers What is the basic structure of an amino acid? What do they look like? Correct Answer- amino group (NH2 or NH3), carboxyl group (COO or COOH), alpha carbon (C), and variable group How do you identify the 3 different types of side chains: non-polar/hydrophobic, polar, and charged? Correct Answer- Non-polar/hydrophobic - end with CH or "can't have" water. Polar - end with OH, SH, or NH. Charged - end with a charge what kinds of bonds do each of the 3 different types of side chains make? Correct Answer- ionic, hydrophobic/non-polar, charged What are the 4 levels of protein structure? Correct Answer- Primary - linear structure, Secondary - Folded into helix or pleated sheet caused by hydrogen bonding, tertiary - 3D structure caused by side chain interactions, quaternary - 1+ amino acid chains combine = multiple subunits MUST have 1+ subunit What enviormental change breaks each type of bond? Correct Answer- hydrophobic - temperature change, ionic - salt or decreased pH, hydrogen - temperature, change in pH, disulfide - reducing agents what type of amino acid side chain leads to protein aggregration? Correct Answer- hydrophobic bonds how do environmental changes affect protein folding? Correct Answer- Extreme temp can cause hydrogen bonds to break apart = malformation of protein folding how do mutations affect protein structure? Correct Answer- Can cause structure to change. Protein loses form = loses function. May form a different protein. What is an electron? Correct Answer- Negatively charged atom on outer ring for bonding What is energy: Correct Answer- Power derived fro chemical interaction what are covalent bonds? Correct Answer- chemical bond, atoms share 1+ valence electrons what is an ionic bond? Correct Answer- bond between positive and negative what is a hydrogen bond? Correct Answer- weak bond between positive and negative with an amino? Correct Answer- piece of amino acid, NH2 or NH3 what is a carboyxl? Correct Answer- piece of amino acid, COO or COOH What is hydrophobic? Correct Answer- Doesn't like water, end with CH what is hydrophilic? Correct Answer- Water Lovering, end with OH, NH, or SH what is disulfide bond? Correct Answer- strongest bond between reduction agents, formed between SH's.