Basics of Statistics and Probability
Introduction
Welcome to the course on Basics of Statistics and Probability. This course delves
into the following concepts:
Statistics
Probability and Essentials
Rules of Probability
Random Variables
Expected Value and Variance
Distribution Function
Hypothesis Testing
Statistics
,Statistics
Statistics is the art of learning from data.
It involves data collection, describing it, analysis, and ultimately drawing conclusions.
Datasets
The study of statistics revolves around datasets. Datasets can be either of the following:
Population
Population includes all the elements in a dataset.
Example:
Collection of persons, things, or objects.
Sample
,Samples consist of one or more observations drawn from a population (subset of
population).
Example:
Students of Class X in a school.
Probability
Probability is the likelihood or chance of an event happening.
Probability theory is a branch of pure mathematics, and forms the theoretical
basis of statistics.
Wikipedia says:
Probability is the quality or state of being probable, the extent to which something is
likely to happen or be the case.
Statistics and Probability in real life
Statistics and Probability play a vital role in daily life, without our knowledge.
Examples:
Have you ever checked the weather forecast to decide on carrying an umbrella?
, Have you ever felt nervous about a cricket match toss?
Introduction
Every experiment starts with Data Collection, followed by Data Analysis.
Data Collection can be from any source.
Data Analysis is the process of applying logical or statistical techniques to evaluate and
describe data in a meaningful way.
Categories
Two broad categories of statistics that help in data analysis are:
Descriptive Statistics
Inferential Statistics
Descriptive Statistics
Descriptive Statistics:
Provides summary statistics of data.
Helps to quantitatively interpret the features of data.
Descriptive Statistics - Measures
Measures of Central Tendency
Focus on the average or central point of a dataset.
Mean
Median
Mode
Measures of Spread
Focus on the dispersion of data from the central point.
Range
Standard Deviation
Introduction
Welcome to the course on Basics of Statistics and Probability. This course delves
into the following concepts:
Statistics
Probability and Essentials
Rules of Probability
Random Variables
Expected Value and Variance
Distribution Function
Hypothesis Testing
Statistics
,Statistics
Statistics is the art of learning from data.
It involves data collection, describing it, analysis, and ultimately drawing conclusions.
Datasets
The study of statistics revolves around datasets. Datasets can be either of the following:
Population
Population includes all the elements in a dataset.
Example:
Collection of persons, things, or objects.
Sample
,Samples consist of one or more observations drawn from a population (subset of
population).
Example:
Students of Class X in a school.
Probability
Probability is the likelihood or chance of an event happening.
Probability theory is a branch of pure mathematics, and forms the theoretical
basis of statistics.
Wikipedia says:
Probability is the quality or state of being probable, the extent to which something is
likely to happen or be the case.
Statistics and Probability in real life
Statistics and Probability play a vital role in daily life, without our knowledge.
Examples:
Have you ever checked the weather forecast to decide on carrying an umbrella?
, Have you ever felt nervous about a cricket match toss?
Introduction
Every experiment starts with Data Collection, followed by Data Analysis.
Data Collection can be from any source.
Data Analysis is the process of applying logical or statistical techniques to evaluate and
describe data in a meaningful way.
Categories
Two broad categories of statistics that help in data analysis are:
Descriptive Statistics
Inferential Statistics
Descriptive Statistics
Descriptive Statistics:
Provides summary statistics of data.
Helps to quantitatively interpret the features of data.
Descriptive Statistics - Measures
Measures of Central Tendency
Focus on the average or central point of a dataset.
Mean
Median
Mode
Measures of Spread
Focus on the dispersion of data from the central point.
Range
Standard Deviation
