Dental Hygiene Local Anesthesia Boards with solutions

Local anesthetic dissociate into correct answers Unionized form (free base) Ionized form (cation) Unionized form correct answers Diffuse through nerve membrane Ionized form correct answers Keeps the membrane channel closed (blocks Sodium ions) Inflamed tissue correct answers Low pH, difficult to anesthetize Low pH = high H+=? correct answers More cation form High pH = low H+=? correct answers More basic form Local anesthetic affects which nerves? correct answers Myelinated nerves (Nodes of Ranvier) Local anesthetic are ? correct answers Vasodilators (Except cocaine = vasoconstrictor) Concentration fall to 1/2 initial value/rate eliminated from the blood correct answers Half-Life Short half life correct answers Ester Long half life correct answers Amide Where do esters metabolize? correct answers Plasma/pseudocholinesterase Where do amides metabolize? correct answers Liver Where does Prilocaine metabolize? correct answers Live and lungs Use caution with patients having liver/lung problems Where are esters and amides excreted? correct answers Kidneys What causes allergic reactions in esters? correct answers PABA byproducts When does a CNS overdoes manifest? correct answers The first 5-10 minutes after local anesthetic is given Can be excitatory or sedative What happens during a severe CNS overdose? correct answers Tonic-clonic seizures