Summary State Board Exam Review for the Esthetician Student_ Complete Review Solution_2023.
State Board Exam Review for the Esthetician Student_ Complete Review Solution_2023. What are Germs? - Microorganisms that cover almost every surface, including the skin of the human body. What is the difference between pathogenic and non-pathogenic bacteria? - Pathogenic is disease causing while non-pathogenic is non disease causing. The 3 basic types of bacteria and their shape - Bacilli-rod Cocci-round Spirilla- spiral 1. Antiseptic - weaker form of disinfectant 2. Disinfectant - chemicals that kill a majority of pathogenic microorganisms 3. Sterilization - process of killing ALL microorganisms What piece of equipment is the only way to truly sterilize utensils using steam, heat, and pressure? - Autoclave What implements or materials cannot be used in an autoclave? - glass Two disinfectants used in esthetics - 1. Sodium Hydrochloride(household bleach) 2. Formaldehyde What is the ratio you can dilute household bleach for a disinfectant? - 1:10 with water 4 disposable materials that prevent cross- contamination - 1. cotton swabs 2. paper towels 3.Disposable staptulas 4. Gloves Cleaning and disinfecting process: - Metal tweezers- clean with soap Suction attachments- use 70% alcohol then soak for 20 min in a disinfectant Extractors- clean with soap and water then spray with cavaside Galvanic rollers- spray with alcohol OSHA - Occupational Safety and Health Administration MSDS( Material Safety Data Sheets) - includes how to safely clean up after an accidental spill 3 diseases a client may have that would contraindicate in-office treatments? - pink eye, impetigo, herpes CDC - Center for Disease Control OPIM - Other Potential Infections Material Universal and Standard Precautions - Treat all body fluids as they were/are contagious 3 types of blood borne diseases - HIV, Hepatitis, Syphilis Why must an esthetician wear gloves? - Estheticians must wear gloves to perform in-office treatments in order to protect them from microorganisms Impetigo - Skin infected caused by bacteria. Usually the cause is staphylococcal(staph) but sometimes streptococcus(strep). Symptoms of Impetigo - Small blisters that expand and rupture within 24 hrs. Yellow fluid that drains and forms a honey colored crust Acne - Genetically inherited disease-excess oil secreted by trhe sebaceous glands. Cells that clog the pores, trapping oil in the follicle What causes adult acne? - Primary catalyst a chronic stress, high level of stress throws adrenal glands in over drive. Setting the stage for acne in 30s and 40s Common factors that trigger acne - Stress Overactive Sebaceous Glands Dead Skin cell accummulation Bacteria and Inflammation Comedogenic ingredients Acne Vulgaris - Common acne- inflammatory condition of the sebaceous glands of the skin. Acne Vulgaris - Consits of red, elevated areas on the skin that may develop into pustules and even futher into cyst that can cause scarring Retention Hyperkeratosis - Skin condition that produces more dead skin cells than is normal, skin cells are not being shed properly. These dead cells sick to the surface of the skin and inside the follicles, mixing with excess oil and creating a comedo Microcomedo - first stage of comedo formation; a comedoso small that it can be seen only with a microscope Ostium - the opening of a follicle Non-inflammatory - the impaction is neither red nor inflammed Open Comedones - non inflammatory acne lesions usually called blackheads Closed Comedones - non inflammatory acne lesions usually called whiteheads Anaerobic Bacteria - Bacteria that does not need oxygen to grow or survive Non-Inflammatory Acne - Blackheads, Whiteheads What is microcomedo made up of? - Dead buildup, bacteria and fatty acids from sebum What is pustule and what is it made up of? - A clump of white blood cells that have formed and risen to the surface of the skin What is a papule? - A raised area of the skin that is generally smaller than 1 centimeter What is the difference between a papule and a nodule? - A nodule is a raised lesion that is larger and deeper in the skin than a papule What is a cyst - Deep infection caused by a deep massive invasion of white blood cells Grade 1 Acne - mildest acne that's often just a minor pimple that appear occasionally in small numbers and small bumps that can disapper without being treated Grade 2 Acne - moderate acne- blackheads and milia can break out in the greater numbers. Grade 3 Acne - considered severe and is often grade 2 left untreated and madeto worsen by squeezing the pimples and maintaining the oily dirty face that attracted those bacteria at the onset Grade 4 Acne - most serious- the condition is medically referred to as nodulocystic, or cystic acne where the skin displays numerous pustules, papules, pustules with large cysts Cellulitis - infection of the skin that may affect any part of the body. Usually appears on the lower legs or face Cellulitis Symptoms/Signs - Area of skin redness or swelling that gets larger, tight glossy look to the skin, pain or tenderness, skin rash that happens suddenly and grows quickly,signs of infection include: fever, chills, and muscle aches Folliculitis - Inflammation of the hair follicle due to an infection Herpes Simplex - A viral infection of the skin Herpes Zoster - Shingles is a painful, blistering skin rash due to the varicella-zoster virus, the virus that causes chickenpox Warts - Warts are growths on your skin caused by an infection with human papilloma virus, or HPV Molluscum Contagiosum - viral skin infection that causes raised, pearl-like papules or nodules on the skin Tinea Versicolor - common, benign,superficial cutaneous fungal infection usually characterized by hypopigmented or hyperpigmented macules and patches on the chest and the back Tinea Corporis - name of a group of diseases caused by a fungus- ringworm, athlete's foot and jock itch Skin Tags - common, acquired, benign skin growths that look like a small piece of soft, hanging skin. Seborrheic Keratosis - raised growths on the skin. Means greasy and keratosis means thickening of the skin Cherry Angioma - Fairly common skin growths that vary in size. Can occur almost anywhere on the body but usually develop on the trunk Keratosis Pilaris - skin condition in which white bumps appear on the upper arms, thighs, and cheeks Eczema - several different types of skin swelling. Also called Dermatitis. Red, Swollen and itchy skin Dermatitis - (eczema) is inflammation of the upper layers of the skin, causing itching, blisters, redness, swelling, and often oozing, scabbing, and scaling Contact Dermatitis - inflammation of the skin caused by direct contact with an irritating or allergy-causing substance (irrant or allergen) Seborrheic Dermatits - common, inflammatory skin condition that causes flaky, white to yellowish scales to form an oily areas such as the scalpor inside of the ear Psoriasis - occurs when skin cells grow too quickly.Faulty signals in the immune system cause new skin cells to form in days rather than weeks.--Patches of thick, scaly skin that may be white, silvery or red Vitiligo - loss of cells that give color to the skin(melanocytes) results in smooth, white patches in the midst of normally pigemented skin Cell Membrane - gives the cell structure and shape- posses a function known as selective permeability Cytoplasm - allows other structures to move around inside the cell ******************CONTINUED**********
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state board exam review for the esthetician
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what are germs
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what is the difference between pathogenic and non pathogenic bacteria
